MORPHOLOGY. 
Goel. 7 
II. — MORPHOLOGY. 
General. 
Ciiun (14) commences an important and detailed account of the 
Coelenterata in Bronn’s Klassen uud Ordnungen des Thierreichs. 
Fewkefs (25) gives a brief description of the characters of some of the 
genera of the Coelenteraia , accompanied by good figures to aid the col- 
lector on the shores of New England. 
Sculump.erGER (G4) recommends T - 6B per cent, osmic acid and chloro- 
hydrate of cocaine for killing polyps in an expanded condition. 
Forsstrand (26) gives in Swedish a number of suggestions for killing 
and preserving the fish, Crustacea , Ccdenterata , and other animals of the 
Coral reefs. 
IIydrozoa. 
Buauer (G) gives an elaborate and careful account of the maturation 
of the ovum of Hydra , the changes observed in the germinal vesicle 
previous to the extrusion of the two polar bodies, the fusion of the male 
and female pronuclei, and the subsequent changes of the oosperm nucleus. 
Segmentation is holoblastic ; a hollow blastula is formed, and the endo- 
derm derived by multipolar immigration of the cells. The author con- 
siders that multipolar endoderm formation is the primitive one, notwith- 
standing the fact that it is only found in those forms in which there is 
no free* swimming blastula stage. 
Zoja (79), in studying the histology of Hydra , has been led to interpret 
as evidence of a comparatively complex nervous system, certain groups 
of granules and radiating filaments which he has been able to observe 
with distinctness. 
Brauer (7) finds that the generative cells of Tubularia mesembryan- 
themum arise from interstitial cells of the ectoderm in the gonophore 
stalks and migrate into the endoderm, and thence into the ectoderm of 
the manubrium. The embryonic endoderm arises by multipolar immi- 
gration into the blastula cavity. . 
Driesch (21) finds that the plumules of Antennularia are arranged in 
alternating whorls, varying in number within definite limits in the dif- 
ferent species. The young form of Antennularia is, for the most part, 
plumularoid. 
Spencer (70) describes very fully the anatomy of Ceratella fusca , and 
discusses the affinities of the Ceratellhlai. 
Hickson (35) describes fully the medusas of Millepora murrayi. These 
medusae only bear male gonads. The ova in this species, as in M. plicata , 
are very small, alecithal, and undergo the first stages of their develop- 
ment in the coenosarcal canals. The male gonads wander from the ecto- 
derm of the canals into the ectoderm of a dactylozooid, where they 
form a large saucer-shaped spermarium. The dactylozooid is then meta- 
morphosed into a medusa, which is devoid of ring and radial canals, sense 
