46 Gen. Sub. 
I. GENERAL SUBJECTS. 
Pigmentation and Colour. 
Pigments of animals ; Newbigin (496), Simroth (636). — Physiology 
of some animal and vegetable colouring matters ; MacMunn (435). — 
Pigmentation in African amphibians and reptiles; Tornier (670). — 
Development of pigment in wing-scales of butterflies and moths ;; 
Mayer (450). — Pigmentation in pelagic lame of Polychceta : some 
generalizations as to its occurrence ; Haeckeu (297 )>— Pigment of green 
oysters (marennine), not made by macroblasts, not transported from gut, 
not due to Navicula , but a product of metabolism in epithelial cells. It 
is perhaps nutritive, and is carried by amcebocytes from epithelial cells 
to liver. It is a peculiar organic substance, containing iron as one of its 
principal elements ; Carazzi (103). — A coloration of hepatic origin in 
oysters ; Chatin (116). — Pigments in the food influencing plumage of 
birds; Sauermann (602). — Alleged changes of colour in the feathers of 
birds without moulting ; Allen (8). — Colours of [marine] animals in 
the tropics ; Kukenthal (383). 
Development of pigment in Amphibians. In larval Salamanders, the 
cells which become dark chromatophores have at first light granules 
( Pigmeni-bildner ). These granules assume dark colour as the cells grow 
and become branched. Either they undergo a specific change, or are 
penetrated by a new pigment. Variations show that the pigment-con- 
tent changes with the metabolism of the cell. Modifications towards- 
lighter colouring are induced by warmth, towards darker colouring by 
cold ; Fischel (223).— Pigmentation of Salamander larvae affected by 
light [see Environment] ; Flemming (230). — Melanotic pigment in man 
and Vertebrates; Ehrmann (189). — Grouping of pigment in develop- 
ing ova of Amphibians ; van Bambeke (42). — Coloration of fishes ; 
Smith (637). 
Nervous and Sensory : Psychology. 
Instinct ; Kogevnikov (369), Wesley Mills (468), Mark 
Baldwin (33, 34). — Habit and instinct. Preliminary definitions. 
Some habits and instincts of young birds. Observations on young 
Mammals. Relation of consciousness to instinctive behaviour. In- 
telligence and the acquisition of habits. Imitation. The emotions in 
their relation to instinct. Some habits and instincts of the pairing- 
season. Nest-building, incubation, and migration ; Lloyd Morgan (481). 
— Instinct and intelligence : a critical contribution to animal psychology ; 
Wasmann (700). — Reflex action, instinct, reason ; Reid (559). — Animal 
automatism and consciousness ; Lloyd Morgan (483). 
Instinct and education in birds; Bumpus (95). — Cunning in animals ; 
Calderwood (100). — Instinct of property in animals ; Ballion (39). 
— Consciousness and biological evolution ; Marshall (445). — The play 
of animals ; Grogs (284). — Contrasts between animals and man ; Le 
Conte (400). — Phylogeny of instincts, &c. ; Haacke (290). 
5. Protoplasm and the Cell. 
a. Protoplasm. 
Discussion of the term protoplasm ; Kostanecki & Siedlecki (379). 
— Structure of protoplasm ; Erlanger (207). — Contractility, irrita- 
bility, &c., studied experimentally in protoplasm of Rhizopods ; Ver- 
worn (680). — Structure of the cytoplasm, a framework of fibrils, pro- 
bably reticular. The mitom with its microsomal fibrils is the seat of 
contraction ; the interfilar substance is probably trophic ; Kostanecki 
