56 Gen. Sub. 
I. GENERAL SUBJECTS. 
stages. An embryo may be one-half larger than another of the same 
stage ; an embryo with a single protovertebra ?nay be as large as another 
with twelve ; but as differentiation increases, the variations decrease. 
There is a regulating influence in correlation. There are zones and 
periods of growth ; Fisciiel (222). — Variations in embryos of king-crab: 
a, reduction in rate of development, reduction in size, local reduction of 
organs, retrogressive degeneration ; B, fusion of organs ; c, intercalation 
of new organs ; D, multiple embryos, &c. ; Patten (523). — Embryonic 
and larval variations in the development of musculature ; Nussbaum 
( 502).-— Variation, embryonic ; Tounier (667). 
Quantitative study of correlated variation ; Davenport & Bullard 
(152). 
Colour variations in ducks and pigeons; Van Dyck (181). — Variations 
in vertebral column of Necturus ; Parker, G. H. (519). — Variations in 
spinal nerves and vertebral column of Anura ; Adolphi (2). — Varia- 
tions of Pleuronectes fiesus and P.platessa ; Duncker (177). — Variations 
in Portunus depur ator ; Warren (697). — Changes in the dimensions of 
crabs; Thompson (663). — Measurements of crabs; Cunningham (142), 
Thompson, H. (664), Weldon (708), Cobb (122). — Variations in genus 
Eucope ; Agassiz & Woodworth (4). — Giant embryos in Ascciris ; 
Zur Strassen (742). — Laws of growth studied on sculpturing of wing- 
covers in Carabus ; Diez (161). 
A shore-crab with a right leg on left side ; Betiie (65, 66). 
Summary of recent teratological literature ; Windle (724). — Simul- 
taneous appearance of diverse malformations ; Haacke (293). — Con- 
sideration of some double monsters ; Lataste (398). — Experimentally 
induced double monster ; Tornier (669). — Teratological classification : 
double monsters ; Blanc (71)- — Experimental production of abnor- 
malities; Hertwig, 0. (327). — The significance of anomalies: a problem; 
Dwight (180). — Polydactylism ; Wilson (722). — Peculiar behaviour, 
like parthenogenetic division, of ovarian ova of Mammals; Janosik (411). 
— Regression, mathematically considered ; Pearson (524). 
c. Modification : Environment and Function. 
Modification and variation; Lloyd Morgan (482). — Variation under 
the influence of the environment ; Fere (219). — Alleged direct influence 
of altered diet on structure of bird’s stomach. The usual references to 
the results of Hunter, Holmgren, and others are inaccurate. There is 
no real evidence of modification of a gizzard into a soft stomach, or con- 
versely. Experiments on pigeons and gulls yielded quite negative 
results ; Brandes (83). 
Reactions of protoplasm to external stimuli ; also modifications of pro- 
toplasm by external influences, molar, chemical, dynamic, &c. ; Daven- 
port (151). — Influence of environment in inducing modifications of 
Lepkloptera ; Standfuss (645). — Influence of various substances on the 
structure of white blood-corpuscles ; Uhlmann (671). — Light-coloured 
larvae of Salamander become darker in cold; Fisciiel (223). — With in- 
creased illumination the larvae of Salamanders become darker, in dark- 
ness lighter ; Fisciiel (223). — Susceptibility of Amphibian larvae 
decreases with age, and with the leDgth of time during which they have 
lived in conditions of opposite influence to those of the experiment ; 
Fischel (223). — Larvae of Salamandra maculosa become darker in 
slightly warmed water ; they are more susceptible the younger they are, 
and the shorter the period during which they have been subjected to 
colder water ; Fisciiel (223). — Influence of light on pigmentation of 
Salamander larvae. In dark aquaria, larvae are dark ; when exposed to 
light, c.g.y in porcelain dishes, are blanched ; Flemming (230). — Air and 
