INTRODUCTION. 
Ins. 3 
INTRODUCTION. 
The amount of entomological work recorded in this volume appears to 
be fully equal in extent to that of the previous year : the Titles amount 
to 1264, compared with 1251 in Volume xxxii. 
The third volume of the general Catalogue of Hemiptera, prepared by 
Lethierry & Severin (706), has appeared, and it is to be hoped may 
meet with the encouraging reception it deserves. Cockerell’s check- 
list of Coccidce (202) will also certainly be appreciated. Kohl’s work 
(65 7) apparently completely systematises the present state of our know- 
ledge of the genera of Sphegides— the most extensive division of fossorial 
llynienoptera. Kellogg's papers on Mallophaga (600, 601), besides 
describing a number of new forms, include some valuable observations 
on points of general interest. Enzio Reuter’s work on the palpi of 
butterflies (966) includes a detailed discussion of affinities and phylogeny, 
with a complex phylogenetic tree ; though it is chiefly concerned with 
the palpi, yet the views of other entomologists are discussed, and the 
author fully recognizes the importance of considering the subject from 
other poiuts of view. Packard’s work (850) on the early stages of 
North American Notodontid Moths, contains a section on the classifica- 
tion of the order, generalising and extending the views he has previously 
expressed. Mayer (764) has renewed the investigations of Semper, 
Schaffer, and others, in connection with the lepidopterous wing, confirm- 
ing most of the results of his predecessors, and tracing to some extent 
the physiology of scale-pigmentation. 
Fenard’s account (325) of the internal structures accessory to the 
genital organs of Orthoptera , adds considerably to the knowledge of 
this difficult subject, and is preceded by a detailed historical sketch. 
Rengel (965) has given us an addition to the scanty list of papers on the 
physiological aspects of Coleopterous metamorphosis. Holmgren has 
made an apparently valuable contribution (515) on the subject of the 
structure of the integument. It will be a source of regret to many that 
a memoir of this kind should be entirely in the Swedish language, with 
w'hich very few entomologists are familiar. A similar remark applies to 
some memoirs published in Russian, such as Portsciiinsky (911). 
The experiments and observations of Standfuss (1120) on variation 
and hybridisation have interested a very large circle of readers. M. Ch. 
Oberthur’s new livraison (829) is specially devoted to variation ; he 
brings forward many facts of great interest, while the beauty and faith- 
fulness of his plates could scarcely be surpassed. Maroiial’s memoir 
(739) on the reproduction of social wasps is an important contribution to 
the comprehension of the mode of production of caste, and is remarkable 
for its judicious and impartial tone. To Dr. Heymons we are indebted 
for further important contributions to development and morphology : 
the relations of Aptera to other insects (502), the development and 
morphology of Odonata (500), and of Ephemeridie (501), the morphology 
of abdominal appendages (498) have been discussed by him, and our know- 
ledge much increased. Cholodkovsky’s paper on Chernies (174) gives a 
full account, historical as well as actual, of the information that has been 
obtained about these remarkable insects. He points out how much more 
easy are anatomical and embryological studies than observation of 
habits or experiments on physiological biology. Prof. J. B. Smith’s 
book (1105) though designed specially for agriculturists, may be recom- 
mended as a good introductory work for entomologists in general. 
The first part of the Orthoptera of Madagascar, by de Saussure & 
Zehntner, has appeared (419); it includes many new species, and 
