98 COLONEL T. HOLBEIN HENDLEY, C.I.E., ON KESEMBLANCES 
only. Even ascetics have those which are worn only by them, 
and men wear ornaments to denote their caste, their religion, 
or their office. 
In all, however, there is usually some meaning attached to 
every ornament, and something to be read in it of history, of 
art, or of custom. Thus the subject of jewellery is to all 
orientals one of extreme interest, whether it be for its intrinsic 
value as capital, or from its beauty, or from its significance as 
marking position or wealth. 
The Oxford Glossary says the bracelets and anklets of the 
Hebrews were never jewelled. Saul had a bracelet which was 
on his arm. The splendid ornaments found amongst what is 
known as the “ Treasure of the Oxus,” are the earliest actual 
examples of such regal ornaments. They date from about the 
fifth century before Christ. One or two specimens of modern 
Indian form, such as are worn by Maharajas, are shown on the 
screen, and also a few portraits of chiefs who are decorated 
with them. In Rajputana it is a mark of the highest nobility 
to have the right to wear an anklet of gold or of enamelled 
gold. The person, who is so ornamented, is a Tazimi sardar, 
one for whom the chief rises when he comes into the Durbar 
Hall. Saul also wore a crown upon his head. Indian chiefs 
of the present day do not ordinarily wear crowns, though the 
late Maharaja of Eewah used to do so ; but the ancient images 
of the Hindu God, Vishnu, and also of Surya — the Sun-god 
especially — are often represented with the head adorned with 
magnificent crowns. There are fine figures of this kind in the 
British and Indian Museums, and similar magnificently jewelled 
head-dresses are still kept in the Madura temples. Moreover 
the Emperor Jahangir describes a truly regal crown which 
belonged to the regalia of the Moghuls in his time. The signet 
ring is, amongst Mohamedans, often their only ornament. As 
in ancient times our own Indian Musalman soldiers often wear 
suspended from their necks their signet rings with which they 
mark the pay rolls. Hindus of rank more frequently have 
a seal which they do not wear, but keep in some safe place. 
Cauls or networks for the head are not common in India, 
but very elaborate chains and pendants are worn, and old 
pictures show a kind of network of stars which covers the hair. 
Round tires or head-dresses are common in the form of plates, 
jewelled or otherwise, which are round, moon-shaped, or 
crescentic, such as the Arab Karz or the Hindu Suraj or 
Sisphiil. The new version of the Bible has indeed “ crescents ” 
instead of “ tires ” like the moon. 
