ANATOMY — PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOLOGY. 
Prot. 21 
Sciiaudinn (198) describes a new marine Rhizopod, Myxotheca areni- 
lega, of very great size, which may be either the lowest living Foraminifer, 
or perhaps an incompletely developed one. 
Sciiaudinn (200) describes the shell, protoplasm, nucleus, nutrition, 
and reproduction of Calcituba polymorpha. 
Th^lohan (240) has observed, in the gall-bladder of Fishes, certain 
forms, with two spores, mostly belonging to the genus Geratomyxa } and. 
others, which form a transition between Ceratomyxci and Sphceromyxa , 
and thus connect the disporic and polysporic species. The latter are 
degenerated through more pronouncod stages of parasitism. 
2. Embryology. 
Blociimann (15) describes karyokinesis in Pelomyxa uvella. 
Blociimann (1G) describes mitosis in Euglena and Trachelomonas. 
Controsomes and polar striao are absent, nor could spindle fibres be 
demonstrated. The nuclear membrane remains. 
Labbe (110) has observed a dimorphism in the development of certain 
llcematosporidia (Drepanidium ranarum and D. danilevshii) . They may 
reproduce either by means of macrospores or of microspores. Cytocysts, 
with macrospores, are found in the leucocytes, in spring and autumn ; 
cytocysts, with microspores, in liver and spleen, at the beginning of the 
summer. 
Linger (122) has studied the development of Gregarinosin the intestine 
of Marine Worms ( Nereis cultrifera and Polydora agassizi). 
Marshall (139) describes the life-history of Gregarina ( Clepsidrina ) 
blattarum , v. Sieb. 
Sciiaudinn (201), on the reproduction in various types of Foraminifera , 
describes how it takes place by the division of the soft body, either 
within the maternal shell, or after it has left the same. In the former 
case, the new formation of the shell takes place within the mother ; in 
the latter, after the parts, in the form of naked plasmodia, have left the 
shell of the mother. The nuclei, before dividing, go through a series of 
changes, first taking up fluid, then becoming vesicular, and with their 
chromatin and achromatin evenly distributed. Then they break up into 
numerous portions, afterwards freed by the dissolution of the nuclear 
membrane. 
Zacharias, (262) pp. 114-117, describes mitosis in Ceratium hirundin- 
ella. 
3. Physiology and Biology. 
Attfield (8) made experiments showing that the “ self-purification” 
of impure water may be due to the destruction of Bacteria by Infusoria. 
Balbiani (10) gives an account of his continued experiments on the 
merotomy of the Ciliata , especially Stentor polymorphic, S. igneus , Dilep- 
tus anser, Loxodes rostrum , and Paramcecium aurelia. 
