BIOLOGY. II, E, F. 
Ech. 21 
(E.) MISCELLANEOUS. 
(i) Preservation of young Asterina ; Waddington (126). 
(ii) Economics : — Conjunctive tissue of Cucumaria as bait; Koehler 
( 56) p. 425. 
(iii) Bibliography List of chief works on Echinoderma ; Lang 
( 59) pp. 1147-1154. — Papers on Echinoderma of N. of England, many 
of which have not been quoted in Zool. Rec. ; Roebuck (100). — Biblio- 
graphy and Literary History of Asteroidea ; Ludwig (71) pp. 467-497.— 
Mesozoic Echinoderma , N. America ; Boyle (14). 
(F.) AUXOLOGY. 
(i) ECHINODERMA : — (b) General Embryology: — Ontogeny of 
Echinoderma and of the extant classes; Lang (59) pp. 1096-1139. 
(d) Oviposition : — Breeding seasons of Echinoderma at Plymouth, and 
dates of occurrence of larvae ; Garstang (36) p. 228 and passim. 
(e) Larval stages : — Praeoral lobe of Echinoderm larva ; Garstang 
( 34) : compared with that of Vertehrata ; Willey (127) p: 331: its 
muscles compared with anterior unpaired muscles of Balanoglossusl arva ; 
Macbride (73) p. 404. — Relations of Echinoderm larva to larva of ances- 
tral Chordata ; Garstang (35). — Relations of Enteropneusta to Echino- 
derma ; Macbride (73) p. 414. 
Skeleton of larva as reserve-material ; Theel (119) p. 352. 
(f) Tissue- formation Formation and absorption of stereom ; Tiieel 
(119). 
(ii) IIOLOTHURIOIDEA : — (a) Spermatogenesis in Cucumaria gla- 
cialis (p. 715), early development of fertilized ovum (p. 721) ; Mor- 
tensen (85). — Ova of Ilolothuria tubulosa , II. poll , Synapta inhcvrens ; 
Crety (27) pp. 261-264. 
(b) Larval stages : — Broodsac and direct development in Cucumaria 
glacialis, specially development of genital organs ; Mortensen (85) 
pp. 716, 721 ct seq. 
(c) Tissue -formation : — Growth of spicules in Lcetmophasma ; Ludwig 
( 70) p. 91. 
(d) Brephic stage of Psolus sp. ; Ludwig (70) p. 140. 
(iii) EChlNOIDEA : — Young and growth-stages, — in Glyphocyphus 
(p. 57) and Hemiaster (p. 75) ; Lambert (57). — Measurements of neanic 
Tripneustes gratilla , and changes in growth of Laganum decagonalc ; 
Bell (7) p. 411. 
(iv) ASTEROIDEA : — (a) Oviposition of Asterina gibbosa ; 
Sciierren (108). 
(b) Larval stages and origin of organs: — Organogeny of Asterina 
