Spong, 1 
XVII. SPONGIJ). 
BY 
R. Hanitsch, Ph.D. 
CONTENTS. 
Page 
Introduction . . 1 
I. Titles 2 
II. Biological. 
Anatomy, Histology, and 
General 6 
Embryology 6 
Physiology and Biology . . 7 
Preservation, &c 7 
Page 
III. Distribution. 
Faunistifc 7 
Geological 8 
IY. Systematic, Classifica- 
tion. 
Calcarea 8 
Hexactinellida 9 
Tetractinellida 10 
Lithistida 11 
Monaxonida 11 
INTRODUCTION. 
The following report includes all papers which have come under the 
Recorder’s notice up to the end of May, 1895. 
Amongst the publications on the Anatomy and Taxonomy of Marine 
Sponges, Topsent’s paper (46), on the Tetractinellida of France, is the 
most important. It forms the first instalment of a monograph of French 
Sponges, and, when completed, will no doubt be equally welcome to 
English students, as it will naturally include the majority of British 
Sponges, and form, so to speak, a new edition of Bowerbank’s monograph. 
In Embryology, Wilson (52), gives a detailed account of his obser- 
vations on the gemmule and egg-development of Marine Sponges, of 
which he published a preliminary notice three years ago. He still differs 
in many points from Maas and others who have worked on the embryo- 
logy of Sponges, and what he regards as gemmule formation, will pro- 
bably by them be taken for the segmentation of the ovum. 
1894. [VOL. XXXI.] H 1 
