GO 
FERNS. 
[j Lycopodium. 
being what in the Introduction are called spores, while the upper capsules 
contain only a fine powdery mass, considered pollen by some Authors, and 
abortive seeds by others. 
Sit. — O n mountain sides, and moist alpine situations. 
Hab. — Abundant in the Highlands, rising to situations of 1000 yards or more 
in height, on the Breadalbane mountains, Perthshire. Pretty frequent on the 
hills of Cumberland, as around Borrowdale, Keswick, Derwentwater, &c., 
Mr. H. C. Watson. Near Richmond, Yorkshire, Mr. J. Ward. Dartmoor, 
Devon, Rev. J. Joties. In wet places among sand-hills on the coast of Angle- 
sea, near Aberffraw, and on the coast of Lancashire, near Southport, Mr. W. 
Wilson. Ben Lawers, Mr. H. C. Cooper. North coast of Sutherland, at the 
sea level, Dr. Johnston. Rare in Aberdeenshire, Dr. Murray. Caernarvon- 
shire, Mr. J. E. Bowman. Higher parts of the Tees, Mr. J. Hogg. Moray 
and Rosshire, Rev. G. Gordon. Hoy Hill, Orkney, Rev. C. Clouston. Clog- 
wyn-ddur, Arddu, Snowdon, Mr. C. Babington. Capel Curig, Dr. Howitt. 
Llanberris Pass and Nant Phrancon, Mr. Watson. Ben Lomond, Mr. W. 
Leighton. Sutherland, Dr. Johnston. Various parts of Ireland, Mr. Mackay. 
Geo. — Sprcngel says, only found in Europe at Bremen, Oldenburgh, Silesia, 
Bavaria, and Switzerland. In Canada and New Hampshire, in America, ac- 
cording to Eursh, who says the American is smaller than the English plant. 
5.— LYCOPODIUM ALPINUM. 
SAVINE-LEAVED CLUB-MOSS. 
(Plate 5, fig. 5.) 
Cha. — Stem procumbent, branches fascicled, flat at top. Leaves 
and scales in four rows. 
Syn. — L ycopodium Alpinum of almost all Botanists. — Lycopodium sabime- 
folium, Pursh. — Lepidotis alpina, Beauv. 
Fig. — E. B. 234.— FYo. Dan. 79.— Dill. Mus. 58, /. 2. 
Des. — Roots scattered, long, with stout, branched, downy fibres. 
Stem 2 to 4 feet in length, creeping quite close to the ground, very 
rigid, irregularly leafy. Branches alternate, along the stem at un- 
certain intervals, in an upright, rigid, close or fan-shaped fascicle, 
level at the top. Leaves blunt, oblong, imbricated in 4 rows, rather 
convex. Spikes terminating all the older branches, erect, an inch 
or less in length, and compact. Scales pointed, broad at the base, 
tapering upwards, with waved edges, sometimes with two or three 
teeth, flatter and less rigid than the leaves. 
Vie. — According to Sir W. J. Hooker, it is used to dye woollen cloths of a 
yellow color. 
Sit. — On the grassy sides of mountains. 
Hab. — At 1000 yards of elevation on Carnedd David, Caernarvonshire, 
probably 1200 yards in Aberdeenshire, also to the summit of Ben Hope, in 
Sutherland, at 1000 yards or thereabouts, where the climate is probably less 
genial than that at 1200 yards in Aberdeenshire; to 1150 yards on Ben Nevis. 
Too plentiful on all the mountain tracts of Scotland to call for particular lo- 
calities. On most of the Cumberland and Yorkshire mountains, Mr. Watson. 
Somerset, Mr. A. Southby. Near Todmorton, Lancashire, at a very low elc- 
