BIOLOGY. 
Cccl 21 
Arachiiacth albida, Sars. ; VaniiOffen (204). 
Calypterinus — an abuormal Stachyodes ; Studer (197). 
tl Gorallia baltica ,” Linnaeus ; LindstrOm (139). 23 species referable 
to 18 existing species, 4 are doubtful and 1 is undeterminable. . There 
are also 4 species of Bryozoa , of which 3 are fossil and 1 recent. 
Favosites reticulata, Blainville ; Kayser (124). 
Lituaria phalloides ; Fowler (09). 
Sarcodictyon calenata , yellow variety ; Herdman (101, 102). 
Tetraplaiia volitans, Busch. ; Bargoni(9). 
Virgularia mirabilh , from Eddystono, differs as regards growth from 
Oban specimens ; Marshall (145). 
Ctenophofa. 
Bethe (17) has reinvestigated the subepithelial nerve plexus, and 
holds that a network of nerve cells is the most primitive condition from 
which isolated nerves have become subsequently differentiated. [See 
also Samassa (183).] 
Driescii & Morgan (55) describe their researches on the development 
of isolated blastomeres of the eggs of certain Ctenophora. [See also Chun 
( 44), Roux (179).] 
Goux (80) redescribes the way in which Beroe feeds on Cydippe. 
VaniiOffen (202) describes Mertensia ovum , Bjlina septemtrionalis, 
Beroe cucumis , Pleurobrachia pileus, from Greenland. 
b. SYMBIOSIS AND PARASITISM. 
Bouvier (22-24) : Stephanoceris rousseaui , Ilctcropmmmia cochlea , 
IT. sp. foss., H. michelini , lleterocyalhus (vquicostatus. Gephyrea which 
occur commensal in polypes are Aspidosiphon heteropsammiarum , n. sp., 
A. michelini, n. sp., Kellia deshay esii, n. sp. 
Kerville (125) gives a plate illustrating a Bhizostoma with young 
fish. 
Osborne & Hargitt (166) describe Perigonimus jonesii , n. sp., which 
lives commensally on the pereiopods of Libinia emarginata. 
Strubell (194) : Actinia and Trachichthys described bySluiter. 
Studer (197) : Calypterinus , Wright & Studer, is an abnormal Stachy- 
odes inhabited by a parasitic annelid. 
Vescovi (206) : Rhizostoma pulmo and the fishes Trachurus mediter- 
raneus and Portunus holsatus. 
c. FAUN1STIC. 
i. Recent. 
Agassiz (1): Bermudas. 
Alcock (2) records Cerianthus and Cyathohelia from Bay of Bengal. 
Alcock (3) makeg some additions to our knowledge of the deep.sea 
corals of the Indian Ocean. 
