XVII. 9P0NQIJ1. 
14 Spong. 
from the Belgian coast. Topsent (61) records 8 species from the 
Atlantic coast of France. Hanitscii (21) mentions 27 species from the 
Portuguese coast. 
Atlantic . — Topsent (60) states that the “Princess Alice" captured 
15 species of Hexactinellida, 20 species of Tetraxanida , and 70 species of 
Monaxonida on her trip to the Azores. 
Mediterranean. — Bidder (5) notices 2 species of Calcarea from Naples. 
Topsent (61) records 14 species of Sponges from the Mediterranean 
coast of France. Topsent (35) says that 22 species were captured by 
the “ Princess Alice ” during her first cruise in the Mediterranean. 
Indian Ocean. — F. E. Schulze (57) describes 15 species of Hexacti- 
nellidce from the Indian Ocean. Thurston (59) gives a list of tbe 
Sponges of the Gulf of Manaar after Dendy (1887 and 1889). 
Northern Pacific. — Oka (50) mentions 1 species from the Japanese sea. 
Australia. — Dendy (15) records 58 species of Cornacuspongice from the 
south coast of Australia. Kirk (34) describes 2 species of Calcarea from 
the coast of New Zealand. 
GEOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION (6, 12, 13, 27,31, 45, 47, 54). 
Precambrian. — Cayeux (12). 
Lower Cambrian. — James (31). 
Silurian. — Rauff (54), Lithistida. 
Culm. — Hinde (27), Hexactinellida. 
Cretaceous. — Merill (42). 
Oolithe. — Bleicher (6). 
Eocene. — Deecke (13), Tetractinellida. 
Pliocene. — Malfatti (45). 
PIIYLOGENY and CLASSIFICATION (50, 58, 61). 
Lendenfei.d (50) states that his views concerning the systematic 
position of Sponges are similar to those previously expressed by Heider. 
Sollas (58) gives a short account of the Sponges obtained by the 
“ Challenger.” The number of species obtained by the “ Challenger” are: 
Hexactinellida , 90 ; Tetraxonkla , 87 ; Monaxonida (including Hexaceratina ), 
247 ; Calcarea , 30. Together, 454. 
Topsent (61) proposes the following arrangement of the Sponges 
combined by him to form the order Carnosa (Carter emend.) : Carnosa 
(modified Tetractinellids of divers origin with a reduced spiculation). 
I. Suborder Microtriaenosa : Genus 1, Dercitus, Gray : 2, Oorticella, 
Sollas ; 3, Rhachella , Sollas ; 4, Triptolemus , Sollas ; 5, Thrombus , Sollas ; 
5, Samus , Gray. II. Suborder Microsclerophora : Familia 1, Corticidce ; 
genus 7, Corticium , O. Schmidt ; Familia 2, Placinidce • genus 8, 
Placina, , F. E. Schulze ; 9, Placovtis , F. E. Schulze ; 10, Placinastrella , 
F. E. Schulze ; Familia 3, Oscarellidce ; genus 11, Oscarella. III. 
Suborder Oligosilicina ; Familia Chondrosulte ; genus 12, Chondrilla , 
O. Schmidt ; 13, Chondrosia , Nardo ; 14, Thymosia, Topsent. 
