SYSTEMATIC. 
Spong. 15 
METHODS. 
Horn el (28) recommends Formaline for the preservation of various 
marine animals, also Sponges. 
Bidder (5) says that Grantia compressa is particularly well adapted for 
being examined in the fresh (living) state ; “ the collars and moving 
flagella appear with diagrammatic distinctness.” 
Bidder (5) says that collar-cells preserved and cut by the paraffin 
method show an average contraction of 5 : 4 linear in the best sections. 
In most preparations this contraction is uneven, producing Sollas’s mem- 
brane and other fictitious appearances. His further statements concern- 
ing the general ill effects of the paraffin method contaiu nothing that is 
not well known to all practical workers. 
III. SYSTEMATIC. 
CALGAREA. 
HOMOCOELA. 
[Nothing.] 
HETEROCOELA (5, 21, 34). 
Lamontia , n. g., for L. zona , n. sp. ; Kirk, Tr. N. Zealand Inst, xxvii, 
p. 289. 
Sycnn dendyi ; Kiiik, t. c. p. 287, n. sp. 
Leucandra bulbosa ; Hanitsch, P. Livorp. biol. Soc. ix, p. 200, n. sp. 
Sycandra raphanm and LcAicandra aspera : notes on ; Bidder, Quart. J. 
Micr. Sci. xxxviii. 
Amphiute paulini , description ; Hanitsch, P. Liverp. biol. Soc. ix, 
pp. 207 & 208. 
SILICEA. 
Triaxonia. 
HexactinellidA (14, 30, 57). 
Hyalonematidce : F. E. Schulze (57) considers the dimensions of the 
microscleres as fairly constant within the species (of Hyalonematidce ), 
and makes use of them in the diagnoses of the species. He gives 
tables for the identification of the genera and species. 
Poliopogon united with Pheronema ; F. E. Schulze, Abh. Ak. Berlin, 
1894 (1895). 
Hyabmema , modified diagnosis ; F. E. SCHULZE, t. c. 
1 Craticularia razzorei, Malfatti, Atti Acc. Pont. Lincei, iv, p. 116, n. sp. 
Donatispongia patellaris, Malfatti, t. c. p. 116, rt. sp. 
F. E. Schulze, Abh. Ak. Berlin, 1894 (1895), describes the following 
new species of Hyalonematidce : — 
Pheronema raphanus , p. 8 ; P. circumpalatum , p. 1 3. 
