BIOLOGY. 
P'Toti 19 
II. BIOLOGY. 
1. Anatomy. 
Bosanquet (10) describes a micronucleus in Nyctotherus ovalis. 
Chapman (30) discusses the position of the Amphistegince with 
thickened tests, and shows that in this genus there is a definite luter- 
septal canal-system. 
Ehrmann (60) considers that the contractile vacuole in the Infusoria 
has an excretory function, and discusses the character and significance of 
the canals connected with it. 
Karawaiew (110). The structure of the central capsule of the 
Radiolarian Aulacantha scolymantha is carefully described, and the 
division of the nucleus is shown to be brought about by very complex 
processes of a karyokinetic character. The Phaeodellao are considered 
to play an important part in connection with assimilation, and not to be 
algal cells. It is also shown that as many as four central capsules may 
be co-existent. 
Labb£ (119) describes a Bananella lacazei , a new genus and species ®f 
the Coccidiidea. 
Lauterborn (124) describes a new genus and species of lobose Rhizo- 
pod, Paidinella chromatophora , possessing a test and belonging to the 
Euglyphince , mainly remarkable for the presence of two large blue-green 
bodies, which are true chromatophores. 
Lauterborn (125) describes a freshwater species of the genus 
Multicilia. 
Lister (138) shows (1) Foraminifera are dimorphic ; (2) the two forms 
differ in the size of their central chamber, in the shape and mode of 
growth of the chamber succeeding the megaiosphere and microsphere, 
and in the character of the nuclei ; (3) that the megalospheric is much 
more abundant than the microspheric variety ; (4) the megalospheric 
form comes into existence already invested by a shell ; (5) and that 
under certain circumstances active zoospores are produced by ForaminU 
fera. He argues in favour of a recurring cycle of generations. 
Rhumbler (176) describes the manner in which entosolenian Lagence 
may have been derived from Nodosarian forms. 
Rhumbler (178) suggests a new classification for the Foraminifera, 
based largely on palaeontological considerations. The sandy forms are in 
general the more ancestral, the subsequent modifications into vitreous 
and porcellanous types, by ensuring greater protection for the organism, 
becoming more common in the later geological periods. 
Rhumbler (179) finds that many freshwater Rhizopoda do not add to 
their tests after the budding stage. Describes Cyphoderia margaptacca 
in detail, and finally discusses the mechanical importance and phylogeny 
of the test in the above organisms. 
Ryder (182), having examined the “nettle-threads’’ of Paramccclum, 
comes to the conclusion that they do not differ from true cilia. 
