OSSEOUS FISHES. 
559 
twenty miles from its source to the sea, and its picturesque banks are 
celebrated in a local ballad which says, not very harmoniously, that 
u Dipple, Dundutcus, Dandaleitli, and Dulocq, 
Are the bonniest haughs of the run of the Spey” ; 
but there’s “no standing water in the Spey!” The river drains 
thirteen hundred miles of mountains, many of whose bases are more 
than a thousand feet above the level of the sea. The Tweed, which 
has been “ poached ” and plundered, by its proprietors using unfair 
implements until there was scarcely a fish in its upper waters, is 
slowly recovering under legislative enactments, and its rental is now 
seven thousand five hundred pounds. 
Salmon abounds in the Loire and its affluents, hut is much more 
rare in the Seine and Marne. They enter the Pdiine and the Elbe, 
and most of the great rivers of the north of Europe. In France 
they were formerly found in the rivers of Brittany, and in the 
Gironde. They are now very rare in these rivers. The coast of 
Picardy is well furnished, hut they arc rare in Upper and Lower 
Normandy. In Norway, especially in the district of Drontheim, 
the salmon fishery is conducted on a large scale on the sea-shore as 
well as in the interior waters. The Baltic is rich in salmon. Con- 
siderable fisheries are carried on in the waters of the Gulf of Finland 
and Bothnia, as well as in the waters of Swedish Laponia. 
The modes of procedure in salmon fishery are very various. Lines, 
how-nets, hooks, and tridents, or spears, arc employed, but especially 
nets — namely the hoop-net or tremail, a net which is thrown quite 
across a river ; it is made with thickish string, and is about a hundred 
fathoms in length by eighteen inches in height, the meshes being 
from four to five inches square. 
ES0CIDJ3. 
This family includes the Pike, which, being a fresh- water fish, need 
not now occupy our attention ; it includes also the singular genus 
Stomias, and the Flying-fish, Exoccetus. 
The Stomias have a body much elongated, the muzzle being very 
short, the mouth very deeply cleft, the opercula reduced to small 
membranous lamiuse ; the maxillarius fixed to the cheek ; the inter- 
