OF CORNWALL. i 55 
Suppofe, for inftance, TVWS (Fig. iv. Plate XVII.) a finall 
ifland with four lodes A B, G H, IK, NO, running eaft and weft 
through it. In the middle, where there has been no extraordinary 
fecondary fubfidence, (by which I mean a fubftdence ftnce the firft 
divifion of folids and fluids at the time of the creation) the lode, 
G H, fhall keep its natural perpendicular direction, and the Jlrata 
lie on each other in their horizontal ufual manner ; but fubfidences 
and diflocations of the Jlrata having happened near the edges or 
cliffs of this ifland, (as may be obferved more or lefs in almoft all 
cliffs) the lodes which run near the extremities, fhall be varioufly 
affedfed. Suppofe a lode, A B, in its original perpendicular pofi- 
tion ; a fubftdence of the Jlrata happening underneath, the jlratum , 
E D, finks and becomes D F, then fhall the lode, A D, fubfide 
alfo, and become C D, the inclination tending towards the general 
fall of the ground at T ; but if there be a lode on the other fide of 
the ifland, as I K, where the dipping has been in a quite contrary 
direction, and the Jlratum, K L, dips fo as to become K M, then 
fhall the lode, I K, become inclined, as X K. If farther on, and 
nearer the edge of the cliff, at S, there be a greater dip of the 
the under flrata, as from O Q^to O R, then will the adjoining 
lode, N O, become inclined, as O P, and fo proportionable to 
the dip of the Jlrata , fhall be the inclination of lodes. 
Again: Where thefe fubfidences below were extenfive, andsECT.vn. 
have affected large tracts of ground, there is a certain uniformity The unifor- 
in the inclination of lodes; as, for inftance, in fome parifhes in the hT^rticutfr 
weftern parts of Cornwall (as in St. Juft) we generally find the c,I ^ nCts - 
lodes underlying towards the fouth ; but in the parifhes of Gulval 
and Lannant, ( the firft about feven, the other ten miles from St. 
Juft) they dip to the north as often as to the fouth, according as 
the fubfidence prevailed. Where-ever the greateft fubfidence was 
to the north of fuch tradrs, the tops of the lodes would confequently 
point to the north, (as Plate XVII. Fig. hi. A B to C) and the 
lodes themlelves underlye to the fouth ; and this uniformity would 
take place, notwithftanding the lefter dippings of vallies and low 
grounds in fuch diftricts ; for it muft be obferved, that vallies might 
in fome meafure diminifh or vary, but could not always wholly 
controul or prevent the general tendency of fuch large mafles fall- 
ing with fo powerful a momentum. 
Again : Many vallies and depreflions were the confequences of sect.viii. 
the firft fottlemcnt of folids, and were therefore formed before the 
lodes themfelves : it is no wonder therefore if we fee lodes inclining inclination 
fometimes without any regard to the declivity of fuch primeval 
depreflions, 
