i 9 2 NATURAL HISTORY 
of felling each man his own tin, unlefs the King infilled on buying 
it himfelf e . 
A farther explanation of the Cornifh privileges and laws f was 
made by the fiftieth of Edward III. (Carew, page 17) and their 
liberties confirmed and enlarged by parliament in the eighth of 
Richard II. third of Edward IV. firfl of Edward VI. iff and 2nd 
of Philip and Mary, and in the 2nd of Elizabeth *, and the whole fo- 
ciety of the tinners of Cornwall, till then reckoned as one body s , was 
divided into four parts, called from the places of the principal tin- 
workings of that time, Fawy-moor, Black-moor, Trewarnheyl h , 
and Penwith. One general Warden was 1 conflituted to do juflice 
in law and equity with an appeal from his decifion to the Duke of 
Cornwall in Council only, or for want of a Duke of Cornwall to 
the crown. 
The Lord-warden appoints a Vice-warden k to determine all flan- 
nary difputes every month : he conflitutes alfo four Rewards (one 
for each of the four flannary precinds before-mentioned) who hold 
their courts every three weeks, and decide by juries of fix perfons 
with an appeal referved to the Vice-warden, thence to the Lord- 
warden, thence finally to the Lords of the Prince’s council. 
Thus continued the tin eflablifhment till the reign of Henry VII, 
when Arthur, eldefl fon of that King, and confequently Duke of 
Cornwall, made certain conflitutions 1 relating to the flannaries, 
which the tinners refufed to obferve, and indulging themfelves in 
other irregularities not confiflent with their charters, Henry VII, 
after his fon Arthur’s death, feized their charter as forfeited ; but, 
upon proper fubmiffion, by his own new charter reflored all their 
former privileges, and enlarged them with this honourable and im- 
portant addition ", that no law, relating to the tinners, fhould be 
enaded without the confent of twenty-four gentlemen tinners, fix 
to be chofen by a mayor and council in each of the flannary 
divifions. This charter was confirmed by the twentieth of Elizabeth, 
and (it being found inconvenient that the confent of the whole twenty- 
four fhould be required) it is declared at the meeting of every con- 
vocation or parliament of tinners, that the confent of fixteen flan- 
nators fhall be fufficient to enad any law. Accordingly, when any 
more than ordinary difficulties occur, and either new laws for the 
better diredion of the tinners and their affairs, or a more explicit 
declaration and inforcement of the old ones becomes neceffary, the 
0 By the charter of Edmund therefore it feems ‘By thefe ancient charters (Carew 18) ; by Ed- 
as if there was but one coinage in a year, and the ward III. fays Camden, page 5. 
tinner could not fell without leave firft obtained. k Not a Sub-warden over every company, as 
f Particularly recited in Plowden’s Commenta- in Camden, page 5. 
ries, page 327, Camden’s Annotat. page 4. 1 Camden, page ib. 
* Pearce, page 49. e Camden, page 4. m By which charter [viz. of Pardon] he farther 
h Alias Tywarnail. granted, fays the editor of Camden, page 6. 
Lord- 
