OF CORNWALL. 273 
fifh and fait, the merchant finds the gains of commiffion and honeft 
commerce, the fifherman the gains of the fifh. Ships are often 
freighted hither with fait, and into foreign countries with the fifh* 
carrying off at the fame time part of our tin. The ufual produce 
of this beneficial article in money, is as follows : By an exact 
computation of the number of hogfheads exported each year for ten 
years, from 1747 to 1756 inclufive, from the four ports of Fawy, 
Falmouth, Penzance, and St. Ives, it appears, that Fawy has ex- 
ported yearly 1732 hogfheads, Falmouth 14631 hogfheads and two 
thirds, Penzance and Mount’s Bay 12 149 hogfheads and one third, 
St. Ives 1282 hogfheads; in all amounting to 29795 hogfheads: 
every hogfhead for ten years laft paft, together with the bounty 
allowed for each hogfhead exported, and the oyl made out of each 
hogfhead, has amounted, one year with another at an average, to 
the price of one pound thirteen fhillings and three pence, fo that 
the cafh paid for pilchards exported has at a medium annually 
amounted to the fum of forty-nine thoufand five hundred and thirty- 
two pounds ten fhillings. 
It is ftill a matter of difpute whether fifhes do hear; many sect. xi, 
learned men maintain the affirmative ; and certain it is, that founds w^er 
are propagated in water. “ All cetaceous fifhes, fays Artedi, (ibid. ‘ 
page 19) have the auditory pafifages externally apparent, but all 
other fifh have none, and therefore feem not to hear. All fiih 
are terrified indeed at the founds of thunder, cannon, and fuch 
violent concuflions of the air, which have a proportionable effect on 
the water, and the fifh may become fenfible of this by the general 
fenfe of feeling.” But to this let me add, that though the generality 
of fifh have no apparent auditory pafifages, yet they may have fome 
fmall fecret du£ts (probably in their gills or mouth) thro’ which they 
receive founds, though in no very acute manner. Nature (by which 
name I always mean the wife Difpofer of the natural and ufual courfe 
of things) leflens, diverfifies, and proportions the organs of this 
fenfe of hearing to the occafions of the animal, and the medium in 
which founds are to move ; if that be thin and light as air is, the 
auditory pafifages may be large ; but if denfe and turbulent as water, 
thofe paffes mull be fmall and well guarded, or they will be too 
violently agitated, and foon lofe their tone : thus as Mr. Ray (Creat. 
page 152, edit. 8) obferves, the amphibious or aquatic quadrupeds, 
fuch as the beaver, otter, phoca or fea-calf, water-rat, and frog, 
have very fmall ears or ear-holes fuited to the frequent occafions they 
have to be in the watry element. Again : feveral fifties have their names 
from the founds which they utter b , from which I fhould conclude, 
b As the gurnard, &c. from grunting, the cuckow, &c. 
4 A 
that 
