SPONGUI. 
6 Sport g. 
Nqll, F. C. Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte der ELieselschwamme. 
I* Desmacidon bosei, Noll, mit Hinweisen auf Craniella carnosa , 
Riippel, und Spongilla fragilis, Leidy. Z. wiss. Mikr. vii, 1890, 
pp. 497 & 498. 
Account of the methods used and published in the paper in Abh. Senck. 
Ges* xv, 1888. 
Perrier, Edmond. Sur les services que l’Embryogenie peut rendre & la 
Classification. O.R. Congres Internat. Zoob Paris : 1889, pp. 179- 
203. 
Embryology of Sponges and Echinoderms discussed, pp. 181 & 182. 
Five zoological series are to be recognised (1) Sponges ; (2) Polyps ; 
(3) Echinoderms ; (4) Arthropods ; (5) Nephridiata (Nephridi^s), com- 
prising Rotifers, Bryozoa , Brachiopoda, Annelids, Platyhelminthes, 
Molluscs, Tunicata, and Vertebrata (p. 187). Sponges and Polyps not to 
be united as Ccelenterata , p. 188. 
^PoCTa, Phil. Ueber einige Spongien aus dem Cuvieri-Planer von 
Paderborn. J. Geol. Ges. xlii, Heft 2, pp. 217-232* 
26 species described, 7 of them new. 
Potts, E* Freshwater Sponges of Florida* J. R. Micr. Soc. 1890, pt. i, 
No* 74, pp. 47 & 48. Abstract of paper in Tr. Wagner Inst, ii, 3 pp. 
(separate copy). 
Schimk^WItsch, Wladimir. Essai de Classification du Regne Animal. 
Revue des Sciences Naturelles, publi^epar la Societe des Naturalistes 
a St. Petersbourg (Owsjannikow) 1890, No. 2, pp. 61-65 & 102. 
The Sponges are classified with Ccelenterata as Radiata. Their middle 
germdayer is not comparable either with mesoderm or mesenchyme, but 
is a formation sui generis (parencliyme)* 
SchOlze, F. E. Ueber die Bezeichnung der Spongiennadeln. Abh. Ak. 
Berl. 1889 (1890), ii,pp. 1-35. 
After a short introductory account of Sponge spicules and of the rules 
according to which a system of nomenclature should be drawn up, a list 
is given of names of spicules in five columns. The first column contains 
the names of the spicules ; the second their definitions • the third, facts 
as to their distribution ; the fourth illustrations of spicules from par- 
ticular Sponges, as examples of the names ; while column 5 has the name 
of the Sponge from which the example is taken. 
Sovinsky, W. Sur les Spongillidae du Dniepre. Revue des Sciences 
Naturelles, publiee par la Soci6t6 des Naturalistes at St. Petersbourg 
(Owsjannikow), 1890, No. 4, pp. 153^163 & 199. 
A detailed description of 5 species ( Euspongilla lacustris, Auct. ; 
Spongilla fragilis , Leidy ; Ephydatia fiiviatilis, Auct. ; Ephydatia mulleri i 
Lieberkiihu ; Trochospongilla erinaceus , Ehrenberg), more or less character- 
istic of the Dniepre, near Kiew. 
