8 Ins. 
INSECTA. 
embryo, relati vely to the sharp end of the po*ar oval, and consequently the 
aspect and orientation of the dorsal and ventral surfaces is constantly the 
same. In Zarcea fasciata, parthenogenesis is the rule, males being very 
rare. .The larvae eject a clear liquid upon pressure, and are liable to the 
attach s of two ichneumons and a Dipteron. 
Owen [Sir] It. On Cerebral Homologies in Vertebrates and Inverte- 
brates. J. L. S. xvii. pp. 1-13. ( Cf \ Arch. Z. expiSr. 2, i. pp. 
xxxiii.-xxxvii.) 
The writer maintains “ that the homologues of the primary divisions 
of the brain in Molluslcs are the parts known in Articulates as the ‘ supra-’ 
and ‘ sub-oesophageal ganglions,’ with their commissural or annectant 
cords or ‘ crura that the topical relations of these parts to the gullet 
are the same in both great divisions of Invertebrates, and that the homo- 
logies of the aforesaid parts with the primary divisions of the Vertebrate 
brain are affected solely by the altered relations thereto of the gullet and 
mouth.” 
Packard, A. S. On the Genealogy of Insects. Am. Nat. xvii. 
pp. 932-945, illustrations. 
Anticipatory of 3rd Rep. U. S. Eut. Comm. The genealogical order 
is numerically as follows : — Thysanura, Dermatoptera, Orthoptera , Psendo- 
neuroptera , Neuroptera , Ilemiptcra , Coleoptera , Dip ter a, Lepidoptera , 
Hymenoptera ; but the complex relations between them can only be 
represented by the table given. 
. The Number of Segments in the Head of Winged Insects. L. c. 
pp. 1134-1138, woodcut. 
Anticipatory, as above. The epicranium (bearing eyes, ocelli, antonnm, 
clypeus, and labrum) is formed from the original procephalic lobes ; it 
represents the first or antennal segment, and is pleural ; the remaining 
primitive segments are obsolete, except in Insects retaining traces of 
an occiput. All the gular region probably represents the base of pri- 
mitive 2nd maxillae. 
. The Embryological Development of the Locust. Rep. U. S. Ent. 
Comm. iii. chap. x. pp. 263-285, pis. xvi.-xxi. 
A sketch of what is known of the developmental history of winged 
Insects in general is prefixed, relating to the formation of the blasto- 
derm ; the blastodermic disc or primitive band ; origin of the cellular or 
germinal layers, embryonal membranes; division of the embryo, or primi- 
tive band, iuto body-segments; development of the appendages, nervous 
system, alimentary canal, the tracheae, and salivary glands, and the 
development of wings. The writer thinks that wings originated in some 
land-insect related to existing cockroaches and Termes, and that the 
development of the wings and of the generative organs proceeded cor- 
relatively, and thus became organs of adult life. The development of 
Caloptenm sprctus, Thomas, is then described, and compared with that of 
Scolytidui , Hylurgops pinifex , Fitch, and Xylebprun ccelatus , Eich. 
