ANTHOZOA. 
Gael. 9 
coming from great depths to the level of the ocean ; this, however, may 
be accounted for partly by the denudation of land above the level of the 
water, and partly by the constant rain of 4 lime that is always going 
on, bringing submerged peaks up to the level in which corals will live. 
Secondly, The precipitous descent of the outer banks of the barrier 
reefs ; but this may be accounted for by a reef growing out on a talus of 
its own debris, as shown by Murray. Thirdly, The depth of some lagoons 
and lagoon channels. The author admits that the explanation of this 
phenomenon is not wholly satisfactory. 
13. Haug, Emil. Ueber sogonannte Chceietes aus mesozoischen Abla- 
gerung. JB. Mineral. 1883, pp. 171-179, pi. x. 
14. Herdman, W. A. On the Structure of Sarcodictyon. P. Phys. Soc. 
Edinb. 1883, p. 1 et seq ., pis. i.-iii. 
Two forms dredged in Loch Fyne ; the red and yellow are only varieties 
of the same species, S. catenata. The relations of the genus are un- 
doubtedly with Cornularia and Glavularia. 
15. Hickson, S. J. On the Ciliated Groove (Siphonoglyphe) in the 
Stomodseum of the Alcyonarians. Phil. Tr. clxxiv. pp. 693-705, 
pis. 1. & li. Abstracts in P. R. Soc. xxxv. pp. 280 & 281, and J. R. Micr. 
Soc. (2) iii. p. 855. 
In Alcyonium, there is a ciliated groove on the ventral side of the 
stomodseum, which the author proposes to call 1 siphonoglyphe ’ ; it 
is found in the following genera : — Clavularia, Tubipora , Spongodes , 
Nephthya , Briraeus, Ccelogorgia, &c. In the dimorphic forms, a siphono- 
glyphe is present in the siplionozooids, but absent in the autozooids. In 
the Gorgoniidce, it is absent. After some remarks on the classification 
and phylogeny of the Alcyonaria , the following classification of the 
group is proposed : — 
1. Proto- Alcyonaria, containing the pimple isolated genera. 
2. The Stolonifera, containing those forms with stolons, such as 
Tubipora, Clavularia , &c. 
3. The Pennatulidai 
4. The Gorgoniidce, containing the Primnoacece and Gorgonacece, with 
no siphonoglyphe. 
5. The Alcyoniidce , containing the remaining Alcyonarians. 
16. - The Structure and Relations of Tubipora . Q. J. Micr. Sen 
1883, pp. 556-577, pis. xxxix. & xl. 
In young specimens still attached to the rock or coral on which they 1 
grow, an incrusting stolon may be seen from which the colony springs. 
This stolon is similar to that of Cornularia, Clavularia, &c. The 
‘ infundibuliform tabulae ’ are of very various shapes, some being quite 
flat, others cup-shaped, others funnel-shaped, and others extending along 
in the form of an inner tube. The author describes the anatomy of the 
soft parts, and shows that the tabulae are formed by a shrinking of the. 
inner endodermic lining of the tube and the subsequent formation of 
spicules upon it. In a subsequent discussion of the relations of Tubipora , 
its affinities with Syrinc/opora and FavositeS are pointed out, and an 
