Viola Tricolor. Wild Pansie. 
VIOLA Linncei Gem PI. Syngenesia Monogamia. 
Rail Synop. Gen. 20. Herbie Pentapetalje Vasculifer;e. 
VIOLA tricolor, caule triquetro diffufo, foliis oblongis incilis, ftipulis pinnatifidis. Linn. Syf. Fegetab. p. 
668. FI. Suecic. 307. 
VIOLA caule diffufo, ramofo, foliis ovatis dentatis, flore calyce paulo majori. Haller, hif. tom. t. n. 569. 
VIOLA bicolor arvenfis. C. Bauhin. pin. 200. 
VIOLA tricolor fylveftris. Parkinfon. 7 55. 
JACEA bicolor frugum et hortorum vitium. I. Bauhin. III. 548. Rdi Syn. p. 336. 11. Hudfon. VI. 
Angi. p. 331. Scopo/i. FI. Carniol. p. 183. 
RADIX limplex, fibrofa. 
CAULIS palmaris et ultra, plerumque diffufus, ramofus, 
angulofus, ad balin fordide purpureus ; rami 
alterni. 
FOLIA longe petiolata, elliptica, crenata, inferioribus 
Isepe minoribus, fubrotundis, fuperioribus an- 
guftis, fubden tatis. 
STIPUL.E ad balin laciniato-pinnatifidas, laciniis linea- 
ribus, extrema oblonga, dentata. 
PEDUNCULI fubquadrangulares, alterni, apice incur- 
vati, dorlo canaliculati, ftipulis duobus par- 
vis, membranaceis, prope florem, inftrufti. 
CALYX : Perianthium pentaphyllum, perfiftens, fo- 
liolis acutis, tria fuperiora minora, ad balin 
aqualia, fuprema erefta, petalis fupremis lon- 
giora, duo inferiora apice et bafi caeteris longi- 
ora, balique latiora, petalis infimis 'breviora, 
2. 
COROLLA pentapetala, irregularis, duo fuperiora fub- 
rotunda, integerrima, albida, deorfum fpectantia; 
lateralium lamina ovata, obtufa, ad balin bar- 
bata, lineaque brevi purpurea notata ; infimum 
latumemarginatum, ad balin flavum, lineis quin- 
que purpureis pi£tum, calcare seu nectario 
NECT ARIUM, terminatum, longitudine calycis, apice 
violaceo, obtufo, fg. 3, 4, 5, 6. 
STAMINA: Filamenta quinque, breviflima; Anthe- 
rs albidae, vix coadunatae, biloculares, _ mem- 
brana crocea terminatae, e dubous inferioribus 
exeunt, nectariumque intrant, appendiculae duae 
.lineares, y-g-. 7, 8, 9, 10. 
PISTILLUM: Germen fubconicum, fg. n ; Stylus 
ad bafin tortuofus, flaminibus longior, fg. 12 ; 
Stigma capitatum, oblique perforatum, per- 
fiftens, fg. 13. . . . 
PERICARPIUM: Capsula ovata, glabra, umlocularis, 
trivalvis, fg. 14. 1 5 ’ . ,. , . 
SEMINA plurima, ovata, fufca, nitida, appendiculata, 
valvis feriatim affixa, fg. 15. 
ROOT Ample and fibrous. 
STALK about four or fix inches high, generally fpread- 
ing, branched, angular, at bottom of a drill pur- 
ple colour ; the branches alternate. 
LEAVES placed on long foot-ftalks, elliptical, Crenated, 
the lowermoft often fmaller and roundilh, the 
uppermofl narrow and llightly indented. 
STIPULyE at bottom jagged and pinnatifid, the laci- 
niae or jags linear, that which terminates the 
Stipula oblong and indented. 
FOOT-STALKS of the flowers, nearly quadrangular, 
alternate, bent in at top, channeled on the 
back, and furnilhed with two fmall membra- 
nous Stipula: near the flower. 
CALYX: a Perianthium of five leaves and continu- 
ing, the leaves Iharply pointed, the three upper 
ones fmalleft, and equal at bottom, the upper- 
moft upright and longer than the uppermofl pe- 
tals, the two under leaves longer both at bottom 
and top than the reft, and at bottom likewife 
broader, fhorter than the lowermoft petals, fg. 2. 
COROLLA pentapetalous and irregular, the two upper- 
mofl petals roundilh, entire, and refie&ed ; the 
lamina or broad part of the fide petals oval, ob- 
tufe, bearded at bottom, and. marked with a- 
Ihort purple line ; the lowermoft petal broad, 
emarginate, yellow at bottom, and ftreaked 
with five purple lines, and terminated by a 
NECTARY Spur or Nectary the length of the 
Calyx, with a blueilh and blunt point, fg. 3, 
4, 5, f>. 
STAMINA : five Filaments very Ihort; Anthers 
whitilh, fcarcely united, bilocular, terminated 
by a faffron coloured membrane ; from the two 
lowermoft two linear appendages go off and 
enter the Ne&ary, fg. 7, 8, 9, 10. 
PISTILLUM : Germen fomewhat conical, fg. 1 1 ; 
Style twifted at bottom and longer than the 
Stamina, fg. 12; Stigma forming a little head, 
obliquely perforated and continuing, fg. 13. 
SEED-VESSEL: an oval fmooth Capsule of one cavity 
and three valves, fg. 14, 15. 
SEEDS numerous, oval, brown and Ihining, with a 
buttoli to each, affixed in rows to the infide 
of the valves, fg. 15. 
Ffw plants have acquired a greater variety of names than the Viola tricolor ; in different Authors and different 
counties vve find the following, viz. Wild Pmfc, Hfrl trait,. Hearts cafe, three faces under a hood. Cull me to you 
LovXllncfs &c. what has occaiioned fome of thefe is the different appearance it puts on from cultivation and 
change of foil ; in a garden there are few flowers that can boaft a greater variety or nchnefs of colour few that 
continue longer in bloflbm, or are cultivated with more eafe ; it is probable that the large yellow Violet, Vwla lutea, 
iS Thfpatfei” hTwiS ftate’ocSrs 1 'very frequently in cultivated fields, and bloffoms through mol of the fummer 
months It is fo hardy as to appear in Lapland amongft the few other plants which ornament the wades of 
i-W Onuntrv during its Ihort fummer. It is eaten by Kine and Goats. . . „ 
The Slice in fhe form of the Stigma feems to divide the plants of this Genus into two _ families viz Panfes 
d^ rin the former the Stigma is round, with a remarkable hole on one fide of it, in the latter it is hooked. 
Linens “marks the black lies which fometimes appear on the Peta s, Mil Ton had obferved the fame, 
- pZT freah with Jet ” In a poor foil the purple and yellow in the bloom ot this flower frequently become 
vey fcn/and foltiles fade into a perfeft white, this variation in colour gives a propriety to the Metamorphofis 
of tiffs flower in which Shakesfeak pays an elegant compliment to his royal midrefs. 
float very time I faw, ( but thou could' f not) 
Flying between the cold Moon and the Barth, 
Cupid all-arm d: a certain aim he took. 
At a fair Vefal, throned by the wef. 
And loos'd his love-foajt fmartly from his bow. 
As it Jhould pierce a hundred thoufand hearts : 
But I might fee young Cupid’s fiery foaft 
Quench'd in the- chafe beams of the watery moon. 
And the imperial votrefs pajfed on. 
In maiden meditation fancy-free. 
Tet mark'd I where the bolt of Cupid fell. 
It fell upon a little wefern fiower \ 
Before , milk-white ; now purple with Love's wound, 
And Maidens call it Love in Idlenefs. 
