81 
Ordinary Meeting, February lOtli, 1874. 
K Angus Smith, Ph.D., F.KS., &C., Vice-President, in the 
Chair. 
“The Northern Range of the Basques,” by W. Boyd 
Dawkins, M.A., F.R.S., F.S.A. 
The northern extension of the Basque race from their 
present boundary, in ancient times, is demonstrated by the 
convergent testimony of history, ethnology, and the re- 
searches into caves and tombs. 
The Evidence of History as to the Peoples of Gaul 
and Spain. 
In the Iberian peninsula the Basque populations (Yas- 
cones) of the west are defined from the Celtic of the east by 
the Celtiberi inhabiting modern Castille. In Gaul the pro- 
vince of Aquitania extended as far north, in Caesar’s time, as 
the river Garonne, constituting the modern Gascony, to which 
was added, in the days of Augustus, the district between 
that river and the Loire, a change of frontier that was pro- 
bably due to the predominence of Basque blood in a mixed 
race in that area similar to the Celtiberi of Castille. The 
Aquitani were surrounded on every side, except the south, 
by the Celtae, extending as far north as the Seine, as far to 
the east as Switzerland and the plains of Lombardy, and 
southwards, through the valley of the Rhone and the region 
of the Yolscrn, over the Eastern Pyrenees into Spain. The 
district round the Phocsean colony of Marseilles was inhabi- 
ted by Ligurian tribes, who held the region between the 
river Po and the Gulf of Genoa, as far as the western boun- 
Proceedixgs. — Lit. & Phil. Society. — Tol. XIII. — No. 8 — Session 1873-4. 
