78 
HISTORY OF 
gives the following habitat : — the north-eastern countries of 
Europe ; a periodical visitant to the Caspian Sea, to Hungary, 
and Austria ; and a regular visitant to the great lakes of 
Switzerland. 
The male Red-Crested Duck, has the head largely crested, 
and, together with the upper part of the neck, chesnut; lower 
part of the neck, breast, and belly, dirty brownish black, some- 
times with some of the feathers slighty tipped with white ; back, 
light brown ; shoulders, and a large spot on the flanks, white ; 
tail feathers and quills, cinereous ; rump, black ; bill, red, and, 
at the tip, white ; legs and toes, red ; membranes, black. The 
female has the upper plumage cinereous ; crown, dark brown ; 
cheeks, throat, and sides of the neck, dull cinereous; flanks and 
breast, light brown ; shoulders, white ; belly, cinereous ; bill, 
legs, and feet, reddish brown. 
. I 
The following vignette represents the trachea of this species. 
By a comparison of it with the vignette in page 76, represent- 
ing the same part in the common Merganser, their near affinity 
in form will be seen. 
