[1921] 
V. Echinoderma. 
Echin. 9 
PHYSIOLOGY. 
Circulation. — Myers, 95a. 
Respiration. — Bamber, 5. 
Chemical constituents. — Clark Sc 
Wheeler, 34. 
Excretion. — Collip, 37a. 
Experimental. — Bamber, 5 ; Gali- 
oher, 56; Mangold, 89. 
DEVELOPMENT. 
General accounts. — Clark, 19 ; 
Ohrhima, 98; Runnstrom, 109. 
Formation of gonads. — Mortensen, 
93 ; Runnstrom & Runnstrom, 110. 
Oviposition, etc. — Chambers Sc Mos- 
sop, 17 ; Galigher, 56 ; Gray, 61 ; 
Mortensen, 93; Runnstrom & Runn- 
strom, 110; S., 111. 
Larval Stages. — Clark, 22; Gali- 
gher, 56; MacBride, 86; Morten- 
sen, 93; Ohshima, 97 & 99; Runn- 
strom & Runnstrom, 110. 
Organogeny. — Clark, 22 ; Morten- 
sen, 93 ; Ohshima, 97 ; Runnstrom 
& Runnstrom, 110. 
Port-larval growth-stages. — Clark, 
22 ; Mortensen, 93. 
Experimental Embryology. — Gali- 
gher, 56 ; MacBride in Ohshima, 
97 ; Ohshima, 97 ; Runnstrom & 
Runnstrom, 110. 
ETHOLOGY. 
Special habits. — LieberkiNd, 85. 
Habitat. — Clark, 19 ; Crossland, 
39. 
Feeding. — Clark, 19 Sc 22. 
Defence and Protection. — Crossland, 
39; Legge, 81. 
Locomotion. — Clark, 19 ; Legge, 
81 ; Thomas, 123. 
Autotomy and Regeneration. — Clark, 
19 & 22. 
Parasites and Commensals. — Clark, 
19 ; Clarke, 35 & 36. 
Sexual Dimorphism. — Clark, 19. 
Echinoderms as food. — Clark, 32. 
Chemical constituents. — Clark & 
Wheeler, 34. 
VARIATION & ETIOLOGY. 
Variation in colour. — Clark, 19. 
Variation, meristic, numerical. — Mac- 
Bride in Ohshima, 97 ; Moutier, 95. 
Variation, teratological. — Ohshima, 
97. 
Evolution. — Clark, 19 ; MacBride 
in Ohshima, 97. 
Relations to other Phyla. — Clark, 19 
& 22 . 
Phylogeny. — Clark, 19 Sc 22; Mac- 
Bride in Ohshima, 97 ; Runnstrom 
Sc Runnstrom, 110. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
Geographical. 
General. — Clark, 19. 
Atlantic Ocean, etc. — Beauchamp, 
6; Clark, 23, 24, 25, 28 Sc 29 ; 
Kcehler, 75 ; Mortensen , 92a, 94 ; 
WaddingtoH, 129. 
Indian Ocean. — Clark, 23, 25, 27, 
28 & 29 ; Decary, 43. 
Pacific Ocean, etc. — Bush, 16 ; 
Clark, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28 & 
29. 
Arctic Ocean, etc. — Awerinzew, 4; 
Clark, 21. 
Antarctic Ocean, etc. — Clark, 29; 
K(ehler, 73. 
Malaysia. — Clark, 23, 25, 27, 28 Sc 
29. 
Geological. 
General. — FabiaNi, 48. 
Cainozoic. — Fabiani, 46. 
Pleistocene. — Bell, 7. 
Pliocene. — DepIsret & Solignac, 45 ; 
Fischer, 48a; Lemoine, 83; Ste- 
fanini, 121c; Vaughan, 127. 
Miocene. — Checcia-Rispoli, 18 ; 
Dep£ret Sc Solignac, 45; Harris, 
63; Lambert, 78 & 80; Lecointre 
80b; Lemoine, 83; Stefanini, 121d. 
Oligocene. — Gregory, 62. 
