102 BRITISH FERNS. — SUB-ORDER II. TRIBE 10. 
erect. Common throughout the United Kingdom and throughout 
Europe. An inhabitant also of Asia, Algiers, British India, and 
the United States. A very hardy plant, readily cultivated. It is 
to be found in hedgerows, woods, and on shady banks. Ordinary 
length, 2 to 3 feet. 
Varieties. 
1. Abbottae, Lowe (A. angulare grandiceps Abbott, Jones). A 
bold and beautiful grandiceps, much larger than No. 2. Found by 
Mrs. Abbott. Fronds erect. Length, 2 feet. 
2. acrocladon, Lowe. Found in 1858, in South Devon, by Mrs. 
Agar Thompson. Length, 17 inches. A densely crested form. 
3. Argutum, Moore. Found in Buckinghamshire by Mr. J. 
Lloyd. Pinnules narrow. 
4. Boltoni, Lowe (corymbiferum, Barnes). Found in the Lake 
district by Mr. Bolton. 17x6 inches. Not greatly corymbiferous. 
5. capitatum, Jones. A narrow form, widening to a conspicuous 
capitate head. 27 X2| inches at base, and 5 inches below the head. 
6. caudiculare, Lowe. Found at Shireneu'ton by myself. 
12 X if inches. A lobed form, having the basal lobes conspicuously 
stalked and sharp-spined. 
7. corymbiferum, Fox (cristatum Fox No. 10, Wollaston). Said 
by Mr. E. F. Fox, the raiser, to be a hybrid with Aspidium angulare, 
and from the smallness of the sporangia seems probable, although 
very like A. angulare. 22x5 inches. Frond terminating in a 
conspicuous head. 
# 8. cristato-angustatum, Lowe. Raised by myself. Is a copy of 
cristato-gracile, except being narrower and better crested. nxi| 
inches. 
9. cristato-gracile, Barnes. Found in 1865, at Hutton Reef Crag, 
by Mr. T. Bolton. 9X if inches. Very spiny ; apex crested. 
10. cristatum, Moore. Found at Barnstaple by Mr. H. F. 
Dempster. Not well crested. 
*11. cristatum Lowei, Moore. Raised by myself. Well crested. 
12. densum, Moore. Found in Devon by the late Mr. Jackson. 
12 X 5 inches. Very foliose and distinct. 
13. gracile, Barnes. Found in 1874 near Bowmess, by Mr. T. 
Hartley. 
*14. grandiceps, Jones. Raised in 1881 by Mr. E. F. Fox. 
17x5^ inches. Somewhat flexuose. The conspicuous lobe of 
corymbiferum absent. 
*15. hybridum, Lowe (cruciatum, Jones). Raised in 1878 by myself. 
A hybrid between Aspidium angulare, var. Wakeleyanum, and A. 
aculeatum, var. densum. There are no half-way characters ; it is a 
sudden change from one species to the other of the cruciate, strap- 
shaped, character. Previous to this cross, there had been no 
cruciate A. aculeatum. 20x3 inches. Copiously soriferous ; but 
the spores seldom germinate ; and the descendants are unlike 
“ hybridum.” 
16. interruption, Lowe. Found in North Devon by the Rev. F. 
Mules. 24x5 inches. A well-marked interrupted form. 
