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stones ; for up to this time, so far as his knowledge extends, 
no organic remains have been met with in them. Now this 
is bringing a permian red sandstone above the Newtown and 
Bedford red marls and limestones, and introduces for the first 
time an upper permian sandstone into Lancashire ; and this 
rock runs into the trias so regularly that it will be very diffi- 
cult to separate it by any well marked boundary from the 
lower soft sandstone or pebble beds of the trias as laid down 
and described in the maps and memoirs of the Geological 
Survey. 
It is pretty clear if some of these permian and triassic 
sandstones are to be classed by their physical characters 
alone, that certain of the latter rocks, as laid down by the 
Geological Survey in the Huyton, Croxteth, and Knowsley 
districts, will probably have to be put into the permian, for 
no one can tell the red flaggy sandstone of Knowsley quarry 
from the Howcote and St. Bees sandstones, and it must be 
taken as permian just as the Howcote rock is identified with 
that at St. Bees. 
As it is desirable to attempt to connect the permian deposits 
of the South and West of Lancashire with those in the north 
of the county, as seen at Rougham Point near Flookborough, 
and Stank near Furness Abbey, he gave what information he 
was possessed of. The only section hitherto seen near Preston, 
is one in the Kibble below that town, and appears to be a 
portion of the pebble beds of the trias. How far it extends 
up the valley of the Ribble and to Roach Bridge in Samles- 
bury, where the soft red and variegated sandstones and 
conglomerate (permian beds) rest unconformably on what 
appears to be limestone shale, has not been yet determined. 
Near Cockersand Abbey on the south side of the mouth of 
the Lune, west of the town of Lancaster, below high water 
mark, is a small patch of what appears to be permian sand- 
stone. 
To the north of the last named place across the Lune at 
