66 
ABBREVIATIONS USED. 
Bdv., . 
• Boisduval. 
Latr., . 
- Latreille. 
Bork., - 
• Borkhausen. 
Leach, 
* Leach. 
Brahm, * 
- Brahm. 
Ld., - 
• Lederer. 
Curt., - 
• Curtis. 
Mill., • 
- Mtllier*. 
Clerck, - 
- Clerck. 
Och., - 
- Ochsenheimer. 
Dup., - 
• Duponchel. 
Rotr., • 
• Kottemburp. 
Esp., - 
- Esper. 
Schin., - 
SchifTermUller. 
Fb.. - 
• Fabricius. 
Schr., - 
- Schranck. 
Gerrr., - 
• German 
Stph., - 
• Stephens. 
Gn., 
- Guenle. 
Thnb., - 
• Thunberg. 
Hb.. - 
• Httbner. 
Tr., - 
Treitschke. 
Hufn., - 
Hufnagel. 
View., 
• Vieweg. 
L., 
Linnaeus. 
Waller., 
Wallengren. 
Large White Butterfly. — Picris (Schr.) brassicee (L.) — 
Frontispiece. Female. The eggs are golden yellow and upright 
with bold longitudinal ribs, and are laid in batches on the leaves of 
cabbages and other similar plants on which the caterpillar feeds. 
June. 
Orange-tip Butterfly.— Euchlol ( Hb ,) cardatnims, (/..) — 
Page 6. Females, upper surface shown above and under surface 
below. The male has the tips of the fore wings orange coloured 
for about two-fifths of their area. Egg laid singly on seed pod or 
flower stalk of wild mustard on which the caterpillar feeds. 
Colour, pale orange, upright, and ribbed both longitudinally and 
horizontally. May. 
Brimstone Butterfly. — Gonopteryx (Leach) rhamni ( L .) — 
Page 7. Female, also called the Sulphur Butterfly. Is one of the 
earliest insects met with in spring, as it hybernates during the 
winter and a mild sunny day tempts it to come out. The eggs are 
green when laid but soon turn yellow and are very beautifully ribbed 
both longitudinally and horizontally, stand upright, and are 
usually laid singly on the undersurface of a leaf of buckthorn 
( Rhavmus frangula). April, May. 
Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly. — Vanessa (Fb.) urlica (L.) — 
Page 8. Female, upper and under surfaces shown. The sexes are 
not distinctively coloured. Eggs upright, bright green in colour 
and with longitudinal whitish ribs. Are laid in batches on the 
underside of a leaf of stinging nettle ( Urtica). May. 
Painted Lady Butterfly. — Pyrameis (Hb.) cardui (L.) — Page 
9. Female. The sexes are similar in colour and markings. Eggs 
upright, pale green with many bold longitudinal ribs. Laid usually 
singly on thistles and nettles. June. 
Ringlet Butterfly.— Aphantopus (Wallgr.) hype rant us (L.) — 
Page 10. Upper and under surfaces. T he sexes are similar in 
appearance. Eggs upright, pearly white with very faint longitudinal 
ribs, and appear to be scattered promiscuously amongst the grass. 
August. 
Small Heath Butterfly. — Crtnonympha (I lb.) pantphilus(L .) — 
Page 11. Females on L., males on R., upper and undersurfaces. 
Eggs upright, somewhat flattened on the top. Pale green or yellow 
with dark reddish brown markings and rather faint ribs. Laid 
apparently singly on grass. August. 
Small Copper Butterfly. — Chrysophanus (Hb.) phlceas (Z..) — 
Page is. Females on L., males on R., upper and under surfaces. 
Eggs, upright, bun shaped, yellowish white turning greyer as they 
mature. Covered with a very boldly sculptured network, the ridges 
of which are rather paler in colour. Laid on sorrel. J une. 
