Xll 
Angiopteris evecta, but without an involucre, which 
requires searching for and investigating. 
16. Pinnae are described also by the same terms as 
the frond, in regard to their shape, as dimidiate one half 
undeveloped (Aspl. heterocarpum and resectum) oblong 
(N. polymorphism) lane. (Aspl. subtriangulare) cuneate, 
wedge-shaped, &c., ffabellat cuneate fan-wedge-shapedo- 
to-cun (Ab. lunulatum, Cap. veneris, &c.), and are acute, or 
sharp-pointed, Aspl. planicaule), acuminate or longpointed 
(P. lineatum); and are stalked (Aspl. planicaule) or sessile 
without stalk ( A_d. caudatum); are spreading (N. Molle k 
pteroides), close (N. cucullatum) horizontal (N. crinipes) 
&c. Their divisions are into pinnules, cut again into seg- 
ments. which again may be lobed. These ultimate divi- 
sions are, as to shape, in similar terms, blunt, acute, cres- 
centic, oblong, kc. and may further be aristate, armed or 
bristled, (Aspid. aculeatum). Some ferns are proliferous 
from upper surface of pinnse, where a complete young 
plant is formed, as Woodwardia radicans, and some Asple- 
niums, especially bulbiferum. In Lygodium the pinnule 
is stalked or petioled. 
17. Venation is the mode in which veins are ar- 
ranged, and requires particular attention as affording the 
basis on which classification proceeds in subdivision of 
genera. It is free (Dicksonia) when the veins do not 
unite directly or indirectly with one another, springing 
from rachis as a main vein, and running towards or to 
margin, ( Polystichum, Lastreea, Eupteris). AVlien tlieso 
