Vlll 
dium ; Eremobryoid when articulated as in Dav. (humata) 
Eupolypodium, (gonioph) &c. 
11. The stem is tufted, (Nephr. barbigerum, Asple- 
nium nigripes,) scattered (Aspl. resectum,) polished (Adi- 
antum Cap. veneris) tomentose, (Cheilanthes rufa) wiry, 
(Adiantum caudatum) green (Aspl. viride), aculeate (Cya- 
thea spinulosa), viscid (P. punctatum), i /?'5n7?ose (Cheilan- 
thes varians), ferruginous (Nothochlaena Marantse). It 
is either arborescent (Cyathea), subarborescent, (Aspl. 
esculentum), erect, (Aspl. maximum), branched ( P. proli- 
ferum, Lygodium and Gleichenia), dichotomous or branch- 
ing in pairs, (Gleichenia dichotoma). In Gleichenia and 
Lygodium it is called a stipe, and in the latter, petiole is 
used for the primary (from main stem) and secondary 
(from last again) stalk of pinnule. 
12. The frond is in shape spathulate spoon-shaped 
(P. adnascens), lanceolate, or lance-shaped( Cheil. varians) 
ovate or egg-shaped, (Onychium japonicum), deltoid or 
triangular as the Greek letter delta (P. Dryopteris, N. 
sparsum), Ad. venustum ; or these are modified by combi- 
nation as oblong-lanc. (N. spinulosum) ; ovate-lane. (P. 
appendiculatum, Dipl, japonicum), ov. acuminate (Cheil. 
fragrans), or by a prefix as subdeltoid partially deltoid (N. 
cicutarium) ; is caudate or tailed, (Ad. caudatum and lunu- 
latum,) when it roots again from its prolonged extremi- 
ties. When young it is generally rolled like a crozier 
(Nephr. barbigerum) and the vernation, or mode of un- 
folding growth, is then circinate ; in a few species only 
