Averts with a very large and rounder leaf, and a nodding 
flower. 
4. Geum ( Montanum ) Acre erefto folitario fruftu oblongo, 
ariftis plumofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 501. Geum with a 
Jingle upright flower , and an oblong fruit with feathery 
beards. Caryophyllata montana flore luteo magno. J. 
B, 2. p. . 398. * Mountain Avens with a large yellow 
fewer. 
5. Geum (. Alpinum ) flore folitario ereclo, fructu globofo, 
ariftis tenuioribus nudis. Geum with a fingle erehi 
fewer, and a globular fruit with narrozver naked beards. 
Caryophyllata alpina minor. C. B. P. 322. Smaller 
Alpine Avens. 
6 . Geum ( Virginianum ) floribus erectis, fructu globofo, 
ariftis uncinatis nudis, foliis ternatis. Hort. Cliff. 195. 
Geum with upright flowers , a globular fruit with naked 
beards and trifoliate leaves. Caryophyllata Virginiana, 
albo flore minore, radice inodora, H. L. hi. Vir- 
ginia Avens with a fmaller white flower, and a root 
without feent. 
The firft fort grows plentifully by the fide of hedges, 
and in woods, in moft parts of England, fo is rarely 
admitted into gardens. This ftands in the lift of 
medicinal plants ; the root is the only part ufed, 
which is efteemed cephalic and alexipharmic, and is 
manifeftly of a binding nature, fo is ufeful in all 
fluxes, &c. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in moift meadows 
in the northern parts of England. This is of an hum- 
bler growth than the firft, the lower leaves have two 
pair of fmall lobes at bottom, and three large ones at 
the top, that which terminates being the largeft. The 
leaves upon the ftalks are compofed of three acute 
lobes which fit clofe to the ftalk ; the flowers are of a 
purplifh colour, and nod on one fide ; they appear in 
May, and the feeds ripen in July. 
The third fort grows upon the Alps, and alfo on 
the mountains in the north ; this hath fome refem- 
blance to the fecond, but the leaves are much 
larger and rounder, and are indented on their edges ; 
the flowers are larger and of a gold colour. This 
flowers about the fame time as the fecond. 
The fourth fort grows naturally upon the Alps *, this 
hath leaves much larger than either of the other fpe- 
cies ; the lower leaves are compofed of three or four 
pair of fmall irregular pinnae fet along the midrib, 
which is terminated by one very broad roundifh lobe, 
which is crenated on the edge. The flowers are 
large, of a bright yellow colour, {landing fingle on 
the top of the ftalk, which feldom rifes more than 
five or fix inches high. It flowers in May and June. 
The fifth fort grows naturally on the Alps •, it is a 
very low plant, the fiower-ftalks are about three 
inches long, and bend on one fide •, they are each ter- 
minated by one bright yellow flower, about the fize 
of thofe of the common fort. This flowers about the 
fame time as the former. 
The flxth fort grows naturally in North America ; 
the ftalks of this fort rife a foot and a half or two 
feet high, and branch out at the top into fmall foot- 
ftalks, each being terminated by a fmall white flower ; 
the leaves of this fort are trifoliate, and the root 
has no feent. Thefe are all very hardy plants which 
require a lhady fituation, but will thrive in any foil ; 
they may be eafily propagated by feeds, which fhould 
be fown in autumn ; for when they are fown in the 
fpring, they do not grow the fame year. 
GILLIFLOWER, or J U LY-F LOWE R. See 
Dianthus. 
GILLIFLOWER, or STOCK-GILLI- 
F LOWER. See Cheiranthus. 
GILLIFLOWER, the Queen’s or Dame’s Vi- 
olet. See Hesperis. 
GINGER. See Amomum. 
GINGIDIUM. See Artedia. 
GLADE is an open and light paffage made through 
a wood, by lopping off the branches of trees along 
that way. 
GL A D I O L U S. Lin. Gen. Plant. 55. Tourn. Inft. 
R. H. 365. tab. 190. [takes its name of Gladius, bat. 
fword j q. d. little fword 5 becaufe the leaves of this 
plant refemble a fword.] Cornfiag ; in French, Glaicul. 
The Characters are, 
'The flowers are included in fheaths , which ftand at a - 
diftance from each other •, the petal of the flower is cut into 
fix parts, three of the upper are near together, the three 
under fpreadopen, but they all form a floor t incurved tube 
with their bafe •, they have three awl-floaped ftamina, 
which are inferted into every other petal, and all of them 
afeend to the upper petals , and are terminated by oblong 
fummits. The germen is Jituated below the flower, J. up- 
porting a fingle ftyle the length of the ftamina, crowned 
by a concave trifid ftigma. The germen afterward 
becomes an oblong , fwelling, three-cornered 'capfule, with 
three cells , opening with three valves , filled with roundifh 
feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 
Linnteus’s third clafs, in titled Triandria Monogynia, 
which includes thofe plants whofe flowers have three 
ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Gladiolus ( Communis ) foliis enfiformibus, floribus 
diftantibus, Lin. Sp. Plant. 36. Cornfiag with Sword- 
fhaped leaves and flowers funding at a diftance. Gladio- 
lus floribus uno verfu difpofitis. C. B. P. 41, Corn- 
flag with flowers difpofed on one fide the ftalk. 
2. Gladiolus (Italicus ) foliis enfiformibus, floribus an- 
cipitibus. Cornfiag with fword-fhaped leaves , and flower is 
funding on both fides the ftalk. Gladiolus utrinque 
floribus. C. B. P. 41. Cornfiag with flowers on each 
fide the ftalk. 
3. Gladiolus {Byzantium) foliis enfiformibus, fpathis 
longioribus. Cornfiag with fword-foaped leaves and 
longer fheaths to the flowers. Gladiolus major Byzan- 
tinus. C. B. P. 41. Greater Cornfiag of Byzantium. 
4. Gladiolus ( Indicus ) foliis enfiformibus, floribus 
maximis incarnatis. Cornfiag with fword-fhaped leaves, 
and very large incarnate flowers. Gladiolus maxim us 
Indicus. C. B. P. 41. Greateft Indian Cornfiag. 
5. Gladiolus ( Anguflis ) foliis linearibus floribus dif- 
tantibus, corollarum tubo limbis longiore. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 37. Cornfiag with very narrow leaves, flowers 
funding at a diftance from each other , and the tube longer 
than the margins of the petal. Gladiolus Africanus, 
folio gramineo, floribus carneis, macuLm rhomboi- 
deam inferiptis uno verfu pofitis. Boerh. Ind. alt. 2. 
127. African Cornfiag, with a grajfy leaf, and fiejh-cc- 
loured flowers , marked with a purple rhomboid fpot ranged 
all on one fide the ftalk. 
6 . Gladiolus ( Triflis ) foliis linear! cancellatis corollis 
campanulatis. Cornfiag with very narrow channelled 
leaves, and a ftalk bearing beil-fhaped flowers. Li- 
lio-Gladiolus bifolius & biflorus, foliis quadrangulis* 
Trew. tab. 39. Lily Cornfiag with two leaves and flowers, 
and four-cornered leaves. 
The firft fort grows naturally in arable land in moft 
of the warm countries in Europe, and was formerly 
cultivated in the Englifh gardens, v/here the roots 
have multiplied fo greatly as to become a moft trou- 
blefome weed, and are very difficult to eradicate 5 
this hath a round, compreffed, tuberous root, which is 
of a yellowifh colour, covered with a brown fur- 
rowed fkin, like thofe of the large yellow vernal Cro- 
cus •, from the root arife two flat fword-fhaped leaves, 
which embrace each other at their bafe, and between 
thefe arife the flower-ftalk, which grows near two feet 
high, having one or two narrow leaves embracing it 
like a fheath ; the , ftalks are terminated by five or fix 
purple flowers, ftanding above each other at fome 
diftance, and ranged on one fide of the ftalk ; each 
of thefe has a fpatha (or fheath) which covers the 
flower-bud before it expands, but fplits open length- 
ways when the flowers blow, and fhrivel up to a dry 
fkin, remaining about the feed-veflel till the feeds 
are ripe. The flower hath one petal, which is cut 
almoft to the bottom in fix parts, fo as to appear like 
a flower of fix petals •, the three upper fegments ftand 
near together, and rife like a labiated flower •, the under 
one turns downward, and the two fide fegments form 
the chaps of the flower, and fpread open at the top, 
6 E but 
