F U M 
FUCHSIA. Plum. Nov. Gen. 14. Lin. Gen. Plant. 
•1097. This plant was fo named by Father Plunder, 
who difcovered it in America, in honour of the me- 
mory of Leonard Fuchfius, a learned botanift. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath no empalement •, it hath one petal , 
with a clofed tube , which is flightly cut into eight parts 
at the brim , ending in acute points it hath four ftamina 
the length of the tube,, which are terminated by obtufe 
fummits. 'The oval germen is fituated under the flower , 
fupporting a fingle ftyle, crowned by an obtufe ftigma. ’The 
germen afterward becomes a fucculent berry with four fur- 
rows , having four cells , containing feveral fmall oval 
feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firfh feclion of 
Linnteus’s fourth clafs, intitled Tetrandria Monogy- 
nia, the flower having four ftamina and one ftyle. 
We know but one Species of this genus at pre- 
fent, viz. 
Fuchsia {Triphylla.) Lin. Sp. Plant. 1191. Tbree-leaved 
Fuchfm. Fuchfta triphylla, flore coccineo. Plum. Nov. 
Gen. Three-leaved Fuchfia with a fcarlet flower. 
This plant is a native in the warmeft parts of Ame- 
rica ; it was cfifcovered by Father Plunder, in fome of 
the French Iflands in America, and was ftnce found by 
the late Dr. William Houftoun, at Carthagena in 
New Spain, from whence he fent the feeds into 
England. 
This is propagated by feeds, which muft be fown in 
pots filled with rich light earth, and plunged into a 
hot-bed of tanners bark, and treated in the fame way 
as other feeds from warm countries. In about a month 
or fix weeks after the feeds are fown, the plants will 
begin to appear, when they fhould be carefully cleared 
from weeds, and frequently refrefhed with water to 
promote their growth •, and when they are about two 
inches high, they fhould be fhaken out of the pot, and 
feparated carefully •, then plant each into a fmall pot 
filled with light rich earth, and plunge them again into 
a hot-bed of tanners bark, being careful to fcreen 
them from the fun until they have taken new root *, 
after which time they muft have frefti air admitted to 
them every day in proportion to the warmth of the 
feafon, and fhould be frequently watered. As the fea- 
fon advances and becomes warm, the glafles of the 
hot-bed fhould be raifed higher, to admit a greater 
fhare of air to the plants, to prevent their drawing up 
weak ; and when the plants are grown fo tall as to 
reach the glafles, they fliould be removed into the bark- 
ftove, and plunged into the tan-bed. In winter thefe 
plants require to be kept very warm, and at that fea- 
fon they muft not have much water, but in fummer 
it muft be often repeated. 
Thefe plants are too tender to thrive in the open air 
in this country, even in the, hotteft part of the year ; 
therefore they fhould conftantly remain in the ftove, 
obferving to let in a large fhare of frefti air in fum- 
mer, but in winter they muft be kept warm •, with 
this management the plants will produce their flowers, 
and make a beautiful appearance in the ftove, amongft 
other tender exotic plants. 
FU MARIA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 760. Tourn. Inft. R. 
H. 421. tab. 237. Fumatory; in French, Fumeterre. 
The Characters are, 
The empalement of the flower is compofed of two equal 
leaves placed oppofite. The flower is of the ringent 
kind , approaching near to the butterfly flowers. The up- 
per lip is plain , obtufe , indented at the top , and reflexed 
the nettanum at the bafe of this is obtufe , and a little pro- 
minent . The under lip is like the upper in all its parts , 
but the bafe is keel-fhaped ; the nediarium at the bafe is 
lefs prominent. The chaps of the flower is four-cornered , 
obtufe , and perfectly bifid •, there are fix equal broad fta- 
mina in each flower , divided in two bodies , included in the 
two lips , each being terminated by three fummits. In the 
center is fituated an oblong germen, fupporting a floor t ftyle, 
crowned by an orbicular compreffed ftigma. The germen af- 
terward becomes a fhortpod with one cell , including roundifh 
feeds . 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feflion 
F U M 
of Linnaeus's feventeenth clafs, intitled Diadelphia 
Hexandria, which includes the plants whole flowers 
have their ftamina in two bodies, and have fix fta- 
mina. To this genus Dr. Linnaeus has joined the 
Capnoides of Tournefort, the Cyfticapnos of Boer- 
haave, the Corydalis of Dillenius, and the Cucula- 
riaof Jufiieu, making them only fpecies of the fame 
genus. 
The Species are, 
1. Fumaria ( Officinalis ) pericarpis monofpermis race- 
mofts, caule diffufo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 700. Amatory 
with feed-vejfels growing in a racemus , with a ftngle feed 
and a diffufed ftalk. Fumaria officinarum & Diofcori- 
dis, flore purpureo. C. B. 143, The common Funiatory 
with a purple flower. 
2. Fumaria ( Spicata ) pericarpiis monofpermiis fpicatis, 
caule erefto, folioliis filiformibus. Sauv. Monfp. 263. 
Fumatory with feed-vejfels growing in a fpike, with one 
feed, an upright ftalk, and thread-like leaves. Fumaria 
minor tenuifolia. C. B. 143. Lejfer narrow-leaved Fu- 
matory. 
3. Fumaria {Alba) filiquis linearibus tetragonis, cauli- 
bus diffufis acutangulis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 700. Fuma- 
tory with narrow four-cornered pods , and diffufed ftalks, 
having acute angles. Fumaria fempervirens & fioreas, 
flore albo. Flor. Bat. Evergreen Fumatory with a white 
flower. 
4. Fumaria ( Capnoides ) filiquis teretibus, caulibus dif- 
fufis, angulis obtufis. Fumatory with taper pods and 
diffufed ftalks, having obtufe angles. Fumaria lutea. 
C. B. 143. Yellow Fumatory. 
5. Fumaria ( Claviculata ) filiquis linearibus, foliis cir- 
rhiferis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 70 1 . Fumatory with narrow 
pods, and leaves having clafpers. Fumaria claviculis 
donata. C. B. P. 143. Fumatory with tendrils. 
6 . Fumaria ( Capreolata ) pericarpiis monofpermis race- 
mofis, foliis fcandentibus fubcirrhofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
701. Fumatory with feed-vejfels growing in a racemus, 
with one feed, and climbing leaves having Jhort tendrils. 
Fumaria major fcandens, flore pallidiore. Raii ftlift. 
405. Greater climbing Fumatory with a paler flower. 
7. Fumaria {Cava) caule fimplici, brafteis longitudine 
florum. Lin. Sp. Plant. 699. Fumatory with a fingle 
ftalk, and brattese as long as the flowers.' Fumaria bul- 
bofa, radice cava, major. C. B. P. 143. Greater bul- 
bous Fumatory with a hollow root. 
8. Fumaria {Bulbofa) caule fimplici, bradteis brevio- 
ribus multifidis, radice folida. Fumatory with a fingle 
ftalk, floorter many pointed brablea, and a flolid root. 
Fumaria bulbofa, radice non cava, major. C. B. P. 
1 44. Greater bulbous Fumatory with a folid root. 
9. Fumaria {Cucularia) fcapo nudo. Hort. Cliff. 351. 
Fumatory with a naked ftalk. Capnorchis Americana. 
Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 309. and the Fumaria tuberofa 
infipida. Cornut. 129. Tuberous infipid Fumatory. 
10. Fumaria {Veficaria) filiquis globofis inflatis. Hort. 
Upfal. 207. Fumatory with globular inflated pods. Cyf- 
ticapnos Africana fcandens. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 310. 
Climbing African Cyfticapnos. 
11. Fumaria ( Eneaphylla ) foliis triternatis, foliolis cor- 
datis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 700. Fumatory with leaves com- 
pofed of three trifoliate fmall leaves , which are heart- 
fhaped. Fumaria enneaphyllos Hifpanica faxatilis. 
Bocc. Muf. 2. p. 83. Five-leaved Rock Fumatory of Spain. 
12. Fumaria {Sempervirens) filiquis linearibus panicu- 
latis, caule eredlo. Hort, Upfal. 207. Fumatory with 
narrow pods growing in panicles, and am upright ftalk. 
Capnoides. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 423. Baftard Fuma- 
tory. 
The firft fort is the common Fumatory which is ufed 
in medicine. This grows naturally on arable land in 
moft parts of England ; it is a low annual plant, and 
flowers in April, May, and June •, and very often from 
plants which rife late in the fummer, there will be a 
fecond crop in autumn. The juice of this plant is 
greatly commended for bilious cholics. It is never 
cultivated in gardens. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in the fouth of 
France, Spain, and Portugal, but is prefer ved in bo- 
tanic gardens for the fake of variety. It is an annual 
plant, 
2 
