V 
F OE N 
This fort hath very fhort (talks*, which fwell juft 
above the furface of the ground, to four or five inches 
in breadth, and almoft two thick, being fieftry and 
tender : this is the part which is eaten when blanched, 
with oil, vinegar, and pepper, as a cold faliad. 
When thefe plants are permitted to run for feeds, the 
(talks do not rife more than a foot and a half high, 
having a large fp reading umbel (landing on the top. 
The feeds of this fort are narrow, crooked, and of a 
bright yellow colour •, they have a very ftrong fmell 
like Anifeed} and are very fweet to the tafte. 
The manner of cultivating this plant is as follows : 
Your firft care muft be to procure good feeds from 
dome perfon who has been careful in the choice of 
the plants, otherwife there will be little hope of hav- 
ing it good ; for the plants will run up to feeds before 
they fwell to any fize, fo will not be fit for ufe : then 
make choice of a good fpot of light rich earth, not 
dry nor very wet, for in either extreme this plant will 
not thrive. The firft crop may be fown about a fort- 
night in March, which, if it fucceeds, will be fit for 
ufe in July •, and by fowing atfeveral times, there may 
be a fupply for the table till the froft puts a (lop to 
it. After having well dug and levelled the ground 
fmooth, you mull make a (hallow drill by a line, into 
which you muft fcatter your feeds pretty thin ; for if 
your plants are fix inches afunder in the rows, it will 
be full near enough •, but however, you muft expedl 
fome of your feeds to fail, and therefore you fhould 
fcatter them about two inches diftance ; then cover the 
feeds about half an inch thick with earth, laying it 
fmooth : thefe drills fhould be made eighteen inches 
afunder, or more, that there may be room to clean 
the ground, as alfo to earth up the plants when they 
are full grown. When the plants come up, which 
will be in about three weeks or a month after fowing, 
you muft with a fmall hoe cut up all the weeds be- 
tween them, and where the plants are too clofe, they 
fhould be thinned to about three inches diftance; and as 
they advance, and the weeds fpring again, they fhould, 
from time to time, be hoed ; and at the laft time of 
thinning them, they fhould be left feven or eight 
inches afunder at leaft. If your kind be good, the 
ftems of the plants will increafe to a confiderable bulk 
juft above the furface of the ground ; which part 
fhould be earthed up in the manner of Celery, to 
blanch, about a fortnight or three weeks before it 
is ufed, and this will caufe it to be very tender and 
crifp. 
Your fecond crop fhould be fown about three weeks 
alter the firft, and fo continue fowing every three 
weeks or a month till the end of July, after which 
time it will be too late for the plants to come to any 
perfection. But you ftiould obferve to fow in April, 
May, and June, on a moifter foil than that which 
you lowed the firft on ; as alfo what you fow in the 
latter part of July, fhould be fown on a drier foil, 
and in a warmer fituation ; becaufe this crop will not 
be fit for ufe till late in autumn, and therefore will be 
fubjeCl to injuries from too much wet or cold wea- 
ther* if on a moift foil. But as the ground is often 
extreme dry in June and July, and the feeds more 
apt to mifearry and not come up, you fhould there- 
fore obferve to water and fhade the beds where this 
feed is fown at that feafon, until the plants come up. 
And if the feafon fhould prove dry, the plants muft 
be duly watered, otherwife they will run up to 
feed before they are of any fize; therefore there fhould 
be a channel made where every row of plants grow, 
to detain the water which is poured on them, to pre- 
vent its running off. In the autumn, if there fhould 
happen (harp frofts, it will be very proper to cover 
the plants with fome Peas-haulm, or other light co- 
vering, to prevent their being pinched ; by which 
method they may be continued for ufe till the middle 
of winter. 
A ftnall bed of this plant will be fufficient at each 
fowing fora middling family ; and for a large family, 
a bed of about twenty feet long, and four feet broad, 
will be full enough at a time. 
F 
FCENUM BURGUNDIACUM. See Me- 
DICA SATIVA. 
F (E N U M G R M C U M. See Trigoxella. 
F O O T-S T A L K S, . are thole, (mail (talks which 
immediately fuftain the leaves, flowers, or fruit. 
FOUNTAINS are fources or fprings of living 
water, arifing out of the ground. As to the ori- 
ginal of them, fee under the article Springs. 
Of artificial fountains there are great variety, the mo 
chanifm of which not being to my purpofe, I will 
not dwell upon it ; though I may aftert, that they 
are not only great ornaments to a fine garden, but 
alfo of great ufe. But they ought not to be placed 
too near the houfe by reafon of the vapours that 
arife from the water, which may be apt to ftrike a 
damp to the wall, and fpoil the paintings, &c. and 
the furnmer vapours may caufe a malignity in the 
air, and fo be prejudicial to the health of the fa- 
mily ; and likewife the noife may be incommodious 
in the night. 
Fountains in a garden fhould be fo diftributed, that 
they may be feen almoft all at one time, and that the 
water-fpouts may range all in a line one with ano- 
ther, which is the beauty of them ; for this occafions 
an agreeable confufion to the eye, making them ap- 
pear to be more in number than they really are. See 
Jet d’Eau, Springs, Vapours, Water, &c. 
FRAGARIA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 558. Tourn. Inft. 
R. H. 295. tab. 152. [is fo called for its fragrant aro- 
matic feent.] Strawberries ; in French, Profiler. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is of one leaf \ which is 
cut into ten parts at the top. The flower hath five 
roundijh petals , which are inferted in the empalement , 
and fpread open. It hath twenty flamina , which are in - 
ferted in the empalement , terminated hy moon-fhaped fum- 
mits. It hath a great number of ger mem colie died into a 
head , each having a Jingle ftyle , inferted in the fide of 
the germen , crowned by Jingle fligmas ; this head af- 
terward becomes a large , fifty pulpy fruity which , if 
lefty falls away , leaving many fmall angular feeds in the 
empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fifth fedlion 
of Linnaeus’s twelfth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have at leaft twenty (lamina and many 
ftyles, which are inferted to the empalement. 
The Species are, 
1. Fragaria ( Vefca ) foliis ovatis ferratis, calycibus 
brevibus, frudtu parvo. Strawberry with oval flawed 
leaves, floor t empalement j, and a fmall fruit. Fragaria 
vulgaris. C. B. P. 226. The common or Wood Strawberry. 
2. Fragaria {Virginian a) foliis oblongo-ovatis ferratis, 
inferne incanis, calycibus longioribus, fruclu fubro- 
tundo. Strawberry with oblong , oval , Jawed leaves , 
hoary on their under fide , longer empalement s , and a 
roundijh fruit. Fragaria Virginiana fruclu Coccineo. 
Hift. Ox. 2. 186. Virginia Strawberry with a fear let 
fruit, commonly called the Scarlet Strawberry . 
3. Fragaria ( Muric at a ) foliis ovato-lanceolatis rugofis, 
frudtu ovato. Strawberry with oval , fpear-fhapedy rough 
leaves , and an oval fruit. Fragaria fruclu parvi pruni 
magnitudine. C. B. P. 327. Strawberry with fruit as 
large as a fmall Plumb , commonly called Hautboy Straw- 
berry. 
4. Fragaria {Chiloenfs) foliis ovatis carnofis hirfutis 
fruclu maxi mo. Strawberry with oval , flefhy , hairy 
leaves , and a large fruit. Fragaria Chiloenfis, fruclu 
maximo foliis carnofis hirfutis. Hort. Elth. 145. tab. 
120. Strawberry of Chili with a large fruit , and hairy 
fiefloy leaves , called Frutilla , in America. 
There are fome other varieties of this fruit, which 
are now cultivated in England ; but I have not feen 
any other which can be called a diflinct fpecies, than 
are here enumerated, and thefe, I think, may be al- 
lowed to be fo, for they never alter from, one to the. 
other, by any cultivation, though the fruit is fre- 
quently improved, fo as to be of a larger fize thereby ; 
therefore, thofe who have fuppofed them but one fpe- 
cies, have greatly erred in fo doing ; I (hall therefore 
mention the feveral varieties of Strawberry, which, are 
