HED 
H ED 
leaves ; the proper empaletnent is very finally and hath Jive 
indentures •, the general umbel is half radiated ■, the outer 
flowers are fruitful , but thofe in the dijk are barren ■, they 
have five petals , and five J, lender ftamina longer than the 
metals? terminated by roimdifh fummits : the turbinated 
gerrnen is fiiuated under the flower , fupporting two jlen- 
der recurved fiyles? crowned by obtufe Jligmas \ the germen 
afterward becomes an orbicular fruit , compofed of two feeds 
having borders. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond or- 
der of Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria 
Digynia, the flowers haying five ftamina and two 
ftyles. 
It it named after Mr. Hafielquift, who was a pupil 
of Dr. Linmeus. 
1. Hasselquistxa ( Adgyptiaca ). Amcen, Acad. 4. p. 
370. Egyptian Hajfelquiftip. Paftinaca Orientalss, fo- 
lds eleganter incifis. Buxb. Cent. 3. p. 16. 
This plant is bennial, and being a native of warm 
countries, is with difficulty preferved in England - 3 
for when the plants come up early in the fpring, they 
do not perfect their feeds the fame year : and thofe 
plants which arife in the autumn, feldom live through 
the winter * therefore the fureft method to procure 
good feeds in this country, is to fow the feeds in pots 
about the 'middle of Auguft, placing the pots 
where they may have the morning fun only, being 
careful to water them duly ; and as weeds wall come 
up in the pots to take them out, and where the 
plants are too clofe, thin them *, in Odober re- 
move the pots into a common frame, where they 
may enjoy the free air in mild weather, but be fcreened 
from froft : in the fpring following, if the plants are 
carefully turned out of the pots, and planted in the 
full ground, they will flower in June, and the feeds 
will ripen in Auguft. 
•HAWTHORN. See Mespilus. 
HAZEL. See Corylus. 
HED ERA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 249. Tourn. Inft. 
R. H. 612. tab. 384. The Ivy-tree. 
The Characters are. 
The flowers are difpofed in form of an umbel , having a 
fmall involucrum indented in many parts. The empale- 
ment is cut into five parts? and fits upon a germen. The 
flower hath five oblong petals , which fipread open, whofie 
points are incurved they have five awl-floaped ftamina? 
terminated by profir ate fummits ? which are cut into two at 
their bafie. The germen? which is fituated below the flower ? 
fupports a fhort ftyle ? crowned by a fingle ftigma. The 
germen afterward becomes a globular berry with one cell ? 
inclofing four or five large feeds , convex on one fide ? and 
angular on the other. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have five ftamina and but one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
3. Hedera {Helix) foliis ovatis lobatifque. Flor. Lapp. 
91. Ivy with oval lobed leaves. Hedera arborea. 
C. B. P. 305. Tree Ivy \ and the Hedera communis 
major. J. B. 2. hi. Great common Ivy. 
2. Hedera {Qpinquefclia) foliis quinatis, ovatis, ferra- 
tis. Hort. Cliff. 74. Ivy with leaves compofed of five 
lobes ? which are flawed. Vitis quinquefolia Canaden- 
iis fcandens. Tourn. Inft. 613. Climbing Canada 
Vine with . five leaves ? commonly called Virginia Creeper. 
. The firft fort grows naturally in moll parts of England, 
where it meets with any neighbouring fupport. The 
ftalks will fatten to it, and rife to a very great height, 
fending out roots on every fide, which get into the 
joints of walls, or the bark of trees, and thereby are 
fupported ; or if there is no fupport near, the ftalks 
trail upon the ground, and take root all their length, 
fo that they clofely cover the furfaee, and are diffi- 
cult to eradicate ; for where any fmall parts of the 
ftalks are left,, they will foon fpread and multiply. 
While thefe are fixed to arty fupport, or trail upon 
the ground, their ftalks are (lender and flexible j but 
when they have reached to the top of their fupport, 
they fttorten and become woody, forming themfelves 
into large bulky heads, and their leaves are larger, 
more of an oval ftiape, and not divided into lobes like 
the lower leaves, that it hath a different appearance, 
which has occafioned forne to take them for diftinct 
fpecies. 
In the latter part of the laft century, when it was the 
faffiion to fill gardens with all forts of fheered Ever- 
greens, there were many of thefe plants trained into 
round heads, which were clipped into balls, or in form 
of a cone * and as thefe were fo hardy as not to be in- 
jured by weather, and would grow in any foil, fo they 
were then much efteemed •, but iince that unnatural 
tafte has been exploded, thefe plants are feldom ad- 
mitted into gardens, unlefs to cover walls, or run over 
grottos, &c. for which purpofe there is no plant fo 
well adapted. 
There are two varieties of this, one with filver-ftriped 
leaves, and the other with yellowiffi leaves on the top 
of the branches * thefe are preferved in feme gardens 
for the fake of variety. 
Thefe plants are eafily propagated by their trailing 
branches, which fend forth roots their whole length * 
which branches being cut off, and planted, will grow 
in almoft any foil or fituation, and may be trained up 
to Items, or fuffered to remain as climbers, to cover 
.walls, pales, &c. 
They may alfo be propagated by feeds, which ffioulcl 
be fown foon after they are ripe, which is in the begin- 
ning of April : if thefe are kept moift and loaded, 
they will grow the fame fpring, otherwife they will 
remain a year in the ground ; therefore few perfons 
trouble themfelves to propagate the plants in this way, 
the other being much more expeditious. 
While the ftalks of this plant trail, either on the 
ground or upon walls, or other fupport, they do 
not produce any flowers, which has occafioned its be- 
ing called fterile, or barren Ivy but when the branches 
get above their fupport, they produce flowers at the 
end of every ffioot ; thefe appear in September* and 
are fucceeded by berries, which turn black before 
they are ripe, and are formed into round bunches, 
which are called corymbi, and from thefe the epi- 
thet of corymbus, fo frequently ufed by botanifts, is 
taken. 
The leaves of this plant are frequently applied to 
iffues to keep them cool, and free from inflammations * 
they are alio ufed for curing of fcabs, fores, and 
feald heads. Mr. Boyle, in his Ulefulnefs of Expe- 
rimental Philofophy, commends a large dofe of the 
full ripe berries, as a remedy againft the plague ; 
but Schroder fays, they purge upward and down- 
ward. The gum of Ivy is cauftic, but is recom- 
mended by fome to take fpots and freckles out of the 
face. 
There is mention made of another fpecies of Ivy, 
which is titled Hedera Poetica, by Cafpar Bauhin * 
this grows in many of the iflands of the Archipelago, 
and produces yellow berries * but as I have not feen 
this plant, I cannot determine if it is a diftind fpe- 
cies. Dr. Linnaeus fuppofes it to be only a variety, 
though he has not leen the plant ; but Tournefort, 
who gathered it in the Levant, puts it down as a dif- 
ferent fort. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in all the northern 
parts of America •, it was firft brought to Europe 
from Canada, and has been long cultivated in the 
Engliffi gardens, chiefly to plant againft walls, or 
• high buildings to cover them, which thefe plants will 
do in a fhort time, for they will fhoot almoft twenty- 
feet high in one year, and will mount up to the top 
of the higheft building ; but as the leaves fall off in 
autumn, the plants make but an indifferent appear- 
ance in winter ; and as it is late before they come out 
in the fpring, they are not much efteemed, unlefs it 
is for fuch fituations, where better things will not 
thrive * for this plant will thrive in the midft of London, 
and is not injured by fmoke, or the clofenefs of the 
air, fo are very proper for fuch fituations. The ftalks 
of thefe plants put out roots, which fatten themfelves 
6 N 
Z'i> 
