HED 
middle one fits upon a foot- (talk an inch long • the 
flowers are produced in long fpikes from the wings 
of the ftalk, growing ereft j the lower part of the 
fpike is but thinly fet with flowers, but on the upper 
part they are difpofed very clofe ; thefe are fmall, and 
of a bright yellow colour, fitting very clofe to the Italics, 
and are fucceeded by jointed pods ftrait on one fide. 
This plant is propagated by feeds, and requires the 
fame treatment as the laft mentioned, with which it 
will flower and produce ripe feeds. 
The eighteenth ibrt grows natural ly in Syria, where 
it is one of the beauties of the country. It riles with 
fhrubby ftalks about three feet high, which branch 
out on every fide, and are gamifhed with Angle leaves, 
fhaped like thofe of the broad-leaved Knot-grafs •, they 
are very finooth, of a pale green colour, and Hand on 
fhort foot-ftalks j under thefe leaves come out thorns, 
which are near an inch long, of a reddfih brown co- 
lour j the flowers come out from the fide of the 
branches in fmall clufters ; they are of a purple colour 
in the middle, and reddilh about the rims ; thefe are 
fucceeded by pods, which are ftrait on one fide, and 
jointed on the other, bending a little in fhape of a 
fickle. This plant is at prefent pretty rare in the 
Englifh gardens ; it is propagated by feeds, which will 
frequently lie a year in the ground before they vege- 
tate, therefore fhould be fown in pots filled with light 
earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed ; and if 
the plants do not appear by the beginning of June, 
the pots fhould be taken out of the bed, and placed 
where they may have only the morning fun, keeping 
them clean from weeds ; and in the autumn, they 
fhould be plunged into an old bed of tanners bark un- 
der a frame, where they may be fereened from the 
froft and hard rains in the winter, and in fpring plunged 
into a frefh hot-bed, which will bring up the plants : 
-when thefe are fit to remove, they fhould be each planted 
into a feparate fmall pot, filled with light earth, and 
plunged into a very moderate hot-bed, fhading them 
from the fun till they have taken new root ; then they 
fhould be gradually hardened to bear the open air, in- 
to which they fhould be removed in June, placing 
them in a fheltered fituation, where they may remain 
till the autumn ; when, if they are plunged into an old 
tan-bed under a frame, where, in mild weather they 
may enjoy the free air, and be protefted from froft, 
they will fucceed better than if placed in a green- 
houfe, or more tenderly treated. I have feen this plant 
growing in the full ground, in a very warm border, 
where, by covering it in frofty weather, it had endured 
two winters, but a fevere froft happening the third 
winter entirely killed it. 
From this fhrub the Perfian Manna is collefted, 
which is an exfudation of the nutritious juice of the 
plant. This drug is chiefly gathered about Tauris, 
a town in Perfia, where the fhrub grows plentifully. 
Sir George Wheeler found it growing in Tinos, and 
fuppofed it was an undeferibed plant; Tournefort 
found it in plenty in many of the plains in Armenia 
and Georgia, and made a particular genus of it under 
the title of Alhagi. 
The nineteenth fort grows naturally in India, from 
whence the feeds have been lately brought to Europe, 
and feveral plants have been railed in the Englifh gar- 
dens ; thefe have leaves fo like thofe of the Orange- 
tree, as fcarcely to be diftinguifhed while young $ but 
as there are not any plants here of a large fize, fo I 
can give no further account of this fort at prefent. 
The twentieth fort was lent me from Carthagena in 
New Spain, by the late Dr. Houftoun : this is a peren- 
nial plant with a twining ftalk, which twifts round any 
neighbouring fupport, rifing to the height of ten or 
twelve feet, fending out a few fmall branches from 
the- fide, garnifhed with oval leaves four or five inches 
long, and an inch and a half broad in the middle ; the 
under fide of the leaves are like fattin ; the flowers are 
white, coming out from the fide of the ftalk in clofe 
bunches ; they are of the fame form with the other 
ipecies of this genus, and are fucceeded by fhort pods, 
containing one or two kidney-fhaped feeds. 
The feeds of the twenty-firft fort I received from the 
. HEL 
Eaft-Indics ; this is an annual plant, 'which rifes about 
three feet high, having a (lender ftalk inclining to be 
fhrubby, gamifhed with oval leaves placed Angle on 
very fhort foot-ftalks ; fome of the plants fend out one 
or two (lender branches from the main ftalk, the 
lower part of which are garnifhed with leaves of the 
fame form with thofe on the principal ftalk, but are 
fm after : the upper part of the principal ftalk and the 
branches are garnifhed with flowers near a foot in 
length, which are of a worn-out purple colour. 
Handing Angle at each joint : thefe are fucceeded by 
jointed pods an inch and a half long, containing three 
or four kidney-fhaped feeds in each. 
Thefe two forts are too tender to thrive in the open 
air in England •, they are both propagated by feeds, 
v/hich muft be fown on a hot- bed early in the fpring j 
and when the plants are come up, and lit to remove, 
they fhould be parted, and each planted in a fe- 
parate fmall pot, plunging them into a frefh hot-bed, 
where they fhould be fereened from the fun till they 
have taken new root ; after which, they fhould be 
treated in the fame manner as other tender plants. 
The twenty-firft fort muft be placed in the bark-ftove 
in autumn, but the other will ripen feeds the fame 
year the beginning of Oftober, 
HEDYS ARUM Zeylanicum majus & minus. See 
zEschvnomene. 
HEDYSARUM mimofae foliis. See ^Eschyno- 
MENE. 
HELENIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 863. Heleniafi 
trum. Vaill. Aft. R. Par. 1720. Baftard Sun flower. 
The Characters are. 
It hath a flower compofed of feveral hermaphrodite florets , 
which form the difk , and female half florets which com - 
pofe the rays. The hermaphrodite florets are tubulous , 
and cut into five parts at the brim ; thefe have each five 
Jhort hairy ftamina , terminated by cylindrical fummits , 
with an oblong germen fupporting a fender ftyle , crowned 
by a bifid ftigma. The germen afterward becomes an an- 
gular Jingle feed , crowned by a fmall five-pointed empale - 
ment. The female florets in the border have floort tubes , 
and are fir etched out on one fide like a tongue to form the 
ray ; thefe are cut into five fegments at their points, where 
they are broad. The female flowers have no ftamina , 
but have an oblong germen , which turns to a Jingle feed 
like thofe of the hermaphrodite flowers ; thefe are all in- 
cluded in one common Jingle empalement , which fpreads open , 
and is cut into feveral fegments. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion of 
Linnsus’s nineteenth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
which have compound flowers, the hermaphrodite 
florets in the center, and the female half florets on 
the border, being both fruitful. 
The Species are, 
1. Helenium ( Autiintnale ) foliis lanceolatis-linearibus 
integerrimis glabris, pedunculis nudis unifloris. He- 
lenium with fpear-fhaped iiarrOw leaves , which are 
finooth , entire , and naked foot-ftalks with Jingle flowers. 
Heleniaftrum folio longiore & anguftiore. Vaill. Aft. 
R. Par. 1720. Baftard Sun-flower with a longer and 
narrower leaf 1 
2. Helenium ( Latifolium ) foliis lanceolatis acutis fer- 
ratis, pedunculis brevioribus, calycibus multifidis. 
Helenium with pointed, fpear-Jhaped, fawed leaves, floor ter 
foot-ftalks, and a many-pointed empalement. Heleniaf- 
trum folio breviore & latiore. Vaill. Aft. R. S. 1720. 
Baftard Sun-flower with a broader and floor ter leaf. 
Thefe plants rife to the height of fix or feven feet in 
good ground ; the roots, when large, fend up a great 
number of ftalks, which branch toward the top ; 
thofe of the firft fort are garnifhed with fmooth leaves, 
which are three inches and a half long, and half an 
inch broad in the middle, with entire edges fitting 
clofe to the ftalks, and from their bafe is extended a 
leafy border along the ftalk, fo as to form what was 
generally termed a winged ftalk, but Linn^us calls it 
a running leaf; the upper part of the ftalk divides., 
and from each divifion arifes a naked foot-ftalk 
about three inches long, fuftaining one yellow flower 
at the top, fhaped like a Sun-flower, but much 
fmaller, having long rays, which are jagged pretty 
6 P deep 
Z3L 
