i 
H E L 
H E L 
the plants are grown fix inches high, they may be 
taken up with balls of earth to their roots, and plant- 
ed into the large borders of the pleafure-garden, ob- 
ferving to water them till they have taken new root ; 
after which they will require no other care, but to 
keep them clear from weeds. 
In July the great flowers upon the tops of the ferns 
will appear, amongft which, the beft and moft dou- 
ble flowers of each kind fhould be preferved for feeds •, 
for thofe which flower later upon the fide branches 
are neither fa fair, nor do they perfect their feeds 
fo well, as thofe which are tin! in flower: when 
the flowers are . quite faded and the feeds are formed, 
you fliould carefully guard the heads from the fpar- 
rows, which will otherwife devour moft of the good 
feeds •, and about the beginning of Odtober, when 
, the feeds are ripe, you fnould cut off the heads 
with a fmall part of the Item, and hang them up in 
a dry airy place for about a month, by which time 
the feeds will be perfe&ly dry and hard ; when you 
may eafily rub them out, and put them into bags or 
papers, preferving them from vermin until the feafon 
for fowing them. 
The feeds of this fort of Sun-flower are excellent food 
for domeftic poultry ; therefore where a quantity of it 
can be faved, it will be of great ufe, where there are 
quantities of thefe fowls. 
The other perennial forts rarely produce feeds in 
England, but moft of them increafe very faft at their 
roots, efpecially the creeping rooted kinds, which 
fpread too far for fmall gardens. The fecond fort, 
which is the moft common in the Engliih gardens, is 
the largeft and moft valuable flower, and is a very 
proper furniture for large borders in great gardens, as 
alfofor bofquets of large growing plants, or to inter- 
mix in fmall quarters with (hrubs, or in walks under 
trees, where few other plants will thrive •, it is alfo 
a great ornament to gardens within the city, where it 
grows in defiance of the frnoke, better than moft 
other plants ; and for its long continuance in flower, 
deferves a place in moft gardens, for the fake of its 
flowers for bafons, &c. to adorn halls and chimneys, 
in a feafon when we are at a lofs for other flowers. 
It begins flowering in July, and continues until Oc- 
tober ; there is a variety of this with very double 
flowers, which is now become fo common in the 
Engliih gardens, as to have almoft baniihed the Angle 
fort from hence. 
The third, fourth, fifth, fixth, and feventh forts may 
alfo have a place in fame large borders of the garden, 
for the variety of their flowers ; which, though not 
fo fair as thofe of the common fort, yet will add to 
the diverfity ; and as many of them are late flowerers, 
fo we may continue the fucceffion of flowers longer in 
the feafon. 
Thefe forts are all of them very hardy, and will grow 
in almoft any foil or fituation •, they are propagated by 
parting their roots into fmall heads, which in one 
year's time will fpread and increafe greatly. The 
beft feafon for this work is in the middle of Odtober, 
foon after the flowers are paft, or very early in the 
ipring, that they may be well rooted before the 
droughts come on ; otherwife their flowers will be few 
in number, and not near fo fair, and by this means 
their roots will be weak ; but if they are planted in 
October, you will fave the trouble of watering them ; 
their roots being furely fixed before the dry weather, 
they will need no other trouble than to clear them from 
weeds. 
The Jemfalem Artichoke is propagated in many gar- 
dens for the roots, which are by fome people as much 
efteemed as Potatoes ; but they are more watery and 
flailiy, and are very fubjeft to trouble the belly by 
their windy quality, which hath brought them almoft 
into difufe. 
Thefe are propagated by planting the fmaller roots, 
or the larger ones cut in pieces, obferving to preferve 
a bud to each feparate piece, either in the fprmg or 
autumn, allowing them a good diftance, for their 
ropts will greatly multiply j the autumn following, 
when their ferns decay, the roots may be taken up 
for ufe. Thefe fliould be planted in fome remote cor- 
ner of the garden, for they are very un lightly while 
growing, and their roots are apt to over-run whatever 
grows near them, nor can they be eafily deftroyed 
when they are once well fixed in a garden. 
The other fpecies which have been ranged under this 
genus by Tournefort and others, are now removed to 
the following genera, under which titles they may 
be found. 
f Coreopsis. 
J HeL'ENIUM. 
| Rudbeckia. 
SlLPHIUM. 
Lin. Gen. Plant.- 913. I fora. 
37. Screw-tree. 
Corona Solis. See 
HELICTERES 
Plum. Nov. Gen. 34. tab. 
The Characters are. 
The fiewer has a coriaceous empalement of one leaf. \ 
which is narrow at bottom , but fpreads open at the top , 
where it is indented in five parts. The flower hath five 
oblong equal petals, which are longer than the empale- 
ment to which they are fixed. It hath ten floor t ft ami no, 
at the bafte of the germen , terminated by oblong fummits , 
and five neftarinms furrounding the germen , which have 
the appearance of petals. The ftyk is very long , fender , 
and fupports the germen at the top , which is roundifh , 
and crowned by an acute ftigma. The germen afterward 
turns to a twifted fpiral fruit with one cell , inclofing many 
kidney-fhaped feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fixth feftion of 
Linnaeus’s twentieth clafs, which includes thofe plants 
whofe flowers have ten ftamina which are connected 
to the ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Helicteres (Jfora) foliis cordato-ovatis ferratis, fub- 
tus tomentofis, frudtu tereti contorto. He Inheres with 
oval heart-Jhaped leaves which ere Jawed, and woolly on 
their under fide , and a taper twifted fruit. Ilora althaeas 
foliis, frudtu longiore & anguftiore. Plum. Nov. Gen. 
24. Screw-tree with Marflomallow leaves , and a longer 
narrower fruit. 
2. Helicteres ( Breviore ) foliis cordatis acuminatis fer- 
ratis, fubtus tomentofis, fructu brevi contorto. He- 
libleres with heart-Jhaped , pointed , Jawed leaves , woolly 
on their under fide , and a jhort twifted fruit. Jfora al- 
thaeas foliis, fruftu breviore & craffiore. Plum. Nov. 
34. Screw-tree with a Marfhmallow leaf. \ and a floor ter 
thicker fruit. 
3. Helicteres ( Arborefcens ) caule arboreo villofo, fo- 
liis cordatis crenatis nervofis fubtus tomentofis frudtu 
ovato contorto villofiffimo. Helibieres with a tree-like 
hairy ftalk , heart-Jhaped , nervous , crenated leaves , woolly 
on their under fide , and an oval, twifted, very hairy fruit. 
Ifora althaeas folio ampliffimo, fru&u crafiffimo & vil- 
lofo. Edit, prior. S crew -tree with a very large Marfh- 
mallow leaf, and a very thick hairy fruit. 
The firft fort grows naturally in the Bahama Elands, 
from whence I received the feeds. This riles with a 
fhiubby ftalk five or fix feet high, fending out feve- 
ral lateral branches, which are covered with a foft 
yellowifh down, garnilhed with heart-fnaped leaves 
four inches long, and two and a half broad, fawed 
on their edges, woolly on their under fide, (landing 
on long foot-ftalks ; at the upper part of the branches 
the flowers come out oppofite to the leaves, upon 
(lender foot-ftalks which are jointed ; thefe are com- 
pofed of five oblong white petals, and in the cen- 
ter arifes the ftykC which is curved, three inches 
long, upon the top of which is fituated the germen, 
crowned by an acute ftigma. The germen afterward 
turns to a taper fruit two inches and a halt long, 
compofed of five capfules, which are clofely twifted 
over each other like a ferew ; thefe are hairy, and 
have each one cell, containing feveral kidney-lhaped 
feeds. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Jamaica, from 
whence the late Dr. Houftoun fent me the feeds. 
This rifes with a Ihrubby ftalk nine or ten feet high, 
(ending out many lateral branches, covered with a 
fmooth brown bark, garnilhed with heart-Hiaped 
leaves, 
2 
