HER 
are /leaped like the male , but want /lamina ; they have a 
roundijb gcrmen , fuppcrting three fender ftyles, crowned 
by acute Jiigmas. 'The empalement afterward becomes a 
large , j wollen , oblontg fruit, perforated at each end , zzz- 
clofing one hard globular nut. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fedion of 
Linnaeus’s twenty- fi ft clafs, in titled Monoecia 1 n- 
andria, which includes thofe plants which have male 
and female flowers in the fame plant, wnofe male 
flowers have three ftamina. _ 
We have but one Species of this genus in Eng- 
land, viz. 
Hernandia ( Sonora ) foliis peltatis. Hort. Cliff. ^ 485. 
tab. 13. Hernandia amplo hederas folio umbilicato. 
Plum. Hernandia with a large umbilicated Ivy leaf com- 
monly called in the IV eft- Indies, Jack-in- a-box. 
This plant is very common in Jamaica, Barbadoes, 
Sl Chriftopher’s, and many other iflands in the Weft- 
Indies, where it is known by the name of Jack-in-a- 
box. The fruit of this plant when ripe, is perforated, 
and the nut in the infide becomes hard •, fo that when 
the wind blows through the fruit, it makes a whiffling 
noife, which may be heard at a diftance •, fom whence, 
I fuppofe, the inhabitants gave this name to the 
plant. It grows in the gullies, where there are rills of 
water. 
In Europe this plant is preferved in curious gardens, 
with other tender exotic plants. It is propagated by 
flowing the feeds in a hot-bed in the lpring •, and when 
the plants have arifen two inches high, they Ihould be 
tranfplanted each into a feparate pot, filled with freih 
rich earth, and plunged into the hot-bed again, ob- 
ferving to water and lhade them until they have taken 
root •, after which time they muft have air admitted 
to them, (by raifing the glaffes) in proportion to the 
warmth of the air, or the heat of the bed in which 
they are placed •, and ihould be frequently wa- 
tered, otherwile they will not thrive. As the plants 
advance, they ihould be removed into larger pots, 
which ihould be filled with rich earth •, but in doing 
this, you ihould be very careful not to break the 
roots, as alfo to preferve a good ball of earth to 
them ; and if their leaves ihould hang after being 
removed, the plants muft be fcreened from the fun 
until they have taken new root. The beft time to 
ihift thefe plants is in July, that they may be well 
rooted before the cold approached*, the plants muft 
be conftantly kept in the bark-ftove : in winter they 
ihould have a moderate ihare of heat, and in the 
fummer they muft have plenty of air in hot weather. 
With this management, the plants will grow to the 
height of fixteen feet or more, and the leaves being 
very large, will make a beautiful appearance in the 
ftove. It hath not as yet flowered in England, though 
we may exped fome of the large plants to flower in a 
fhort time. 
HERNIARI A. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 507. tab. 228. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 272. [of Hernia , Lat. a rupture.] 
Rupturewort. 
The Characters are. 
The flower hath no petals , but a coloured empalement 
of one leaf, cut into five parts which fpread open. It 
hath five / mall awl-fhaped ftamina, fituated in the divi- 
fions of the empalement, terminated by Jingle fummits, 
and five others which are barren, placed alternately be- 
tween them. In the center is an oval germen with two 
Jiigmas, which have acute points - ; the germen afterward 
turns to a fmall capfule inclofed in the empalement, having 
one oval-pointed feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedion 
of Linnsus’s fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Digynia, 
which includes the plants whofe flowers have five fta- 
mina and two ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Herniaria ( Glabra ) glabra herbacea. J. B. 3. 378. 
Smooth Rupturewort . 
2. Herniaria ( Hirfita ) hirfuta herbacea. J, B. 3. 379. 
Rough or hairy Rupturewort. 
3. Herniaria {AIJines folia) alftnes folio. Tourn. Inft. 
507. Rupturewort with a Chickweed leaf 
H E S 
4. Herniaria (. Fruticofa ) caulibus frutieofis, florifeus 
quadrifidis. A mam. Acad. 4. p. 369. Rupturewort 
with ligneous /talks and quadrifid flowers. Herniaria 
fruticofa, viticulis iignofis. C. B. P. 382. 
The two firft forts grow naturally in England, but 
not very common ; they are low trailing plants, their 
branches lying on the ground, and extend feven or 
eight inches each way ; they have leaves like the 
finaller Chickweed, the firft is fm'ooth, and thofe of 
the fecond are hairy *, the flowers come out in 
clutters from the fide of the ftalks at the joints j 
they are final], and of a yeilowifh green, fo make no 
appearance. 
The fourth fort hath fhrubby ftalks which trail up- 
on the ground, garnifhed with fmall hairy leaves 
likd the fecond fort ; the flowers are alfo very like 
that. 
The third fort is an annual plant, which grows na- 
turally in France and Italy. This doth not fpread 
ib much as either of the other forts, but the flowers 
and leaves are fomewhat like the firft, but larger. 
Thefe plants are feldom cultivated, but in botanic 
gardens for the fake of variety. The three firft are 
annual plants, feldom continuing longer than one 
year; and muft be permitted to Died their feeds, 
whereby they are better preferved than if fown with 
art. The fourth fort is an abiding plant, which may 
be propagated by cuttings ; but as they are plants 
of no beauty, they are rarely preferved in gardens. 
The firft fort is what fhould be ufed in the fhops, but 
is rarely feen in London, the herb-women commonly 
bringing the Parfley Breakftone to the markets, which 
is fold inftead of this plant. 
HESPERIS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 222. tab. 108. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 731. [fome derive the name of this 
plant from Hefperia, Italy, from whence the people 
were anciently called Hefperides ; but it is pretty 
plain, that the name was taken from c, E<t7te/)(^, be- 
caufe the flower commonly lmells moft in an even- 
ing; either of thefe may be admitted. It is called 
Viola Matronalis, becaufe it refernbles the Violet, and 
was at firft cultivated by women.] Dame’s Violet, 
Rocket, or Queen’s Gilliflower; in French, Juliane , 
or Juliene. 
The Characters are, 
The flower is compofed of four oblong petals in form of 
a crofs, whofe ba/e or tails are narrow, and are fituated 
in a four-leaved empalement , which falls away. It hath 
fix awl-/haped ftamina , four of them as long as the 
tube of the flower , and two much fhort er , terminated by 
narrow ere It fummits, reflexed at their points. It hath a 
honey-gland fituated between the two fhort ftamina, and 
a four-cornered germen the length of the ftamina, but no 
ftyle, the oblong eredi ftigrna fitting on the germen ; the 
ftigma is divided into two parts , which join at their 
points. The germen afterward becomes a plain , long , 
compreffed pod with two cells, divided by an intermediate 
partition , inclojing many oval compreffed feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedion 
of Linnasus’s fifteenth clafs, intitled TetradynamiaSi- 
liquofa, the flowers having four long and two fhort 
ftamina, and are fucceeded by long pods. 
The Species are, 
1. Hesperis •( Matronalis ) caule' fimplici eredo, foliis 
ovato-lanceolatis denticulatls, petalis mucrone emar- 
ginatis. Lin. Sp. 927. Dame's Violet with a J. ingle eredi 
flalk , oval, fpear-fhaped , indented leaves, and the petals 
of the flowers indented at the top. Llefperis hortenfis, 
fiore purpureo. C. B. P. 202. Garden Rocket with a 
purple flower. 
2. Hesperis {Alba) caule fimplici credo, foliis lanceo- 
latis ferratis, petalis integris. Dame's Violet with a Jingle 
upright flalk, fpear-fhaped Jawed leaves , and the petals of 
the flower entire. Hefperis hortenfis flore candido. 
C. B. P. 202. Garden Rocket with a white flower. 
3. Hesperis ( Inodora ) caule fimplici credo, foliis fub- 
haftatis dentatis petalis obtufis. Lin. Sp, 727. Dame's 
Violet with a Jingle upright flalk, halbert-fhaped , in- 
dented, obtufle leaves and petals. Hefperis fylveftris in- 
odora. C. B. P. 202. IJnf avowry wild Rocket. 
4. Kes- 
1 
