H Y A 
When their flowers are quite decayed, and. the tops , 
of their leaves begin to change their colour, you rnuft 
carefully raife the roots out of the ground with a nar- 
j CP 
row fpade, or feme other handy inftrument , this is 
what the Dutch gardeners term lifting of them : in the 
doing of this, the inftrument inuft be carefully thruft 
down by the fide of the root, being careful not to 
bruife or injure it, £s alfo to put it below the bottom 
of the root •, then by the forcing of this inftrument on 
one fide, the fibres of the root are raifed and feparated 
from the ground. The defign of this is, to prevent 
their receiving any more nourifhment from the ground; 
for by imbibing too much moifture at this feafon, the 
roots frequently rot after they are taken up : about a 
fortnight after this operation the roots fhould be en- 
tirely taken out of the ground, and then carried to 
beds fituated where the morning fun only lliines up- 
on them ; the earth of the beds fhould be loole and 
raifed into a fharp ridge, laying the roots into it 
in a horizontal pofition, with their leaves hanging 
out, by which means a great part of the moifture 
-contained in their thick fucculent ftalks and leaves 
will evaporate ; which, if it were permitted to 
return back to the roots, would caufe them to rot 
and decay after they are taken up, which has been 
the general defedt of moft of the Hyacinths in 
England. 
In this pofition the roots fliould remain until the green 
leaves are entirely decayed, which perhaps may be in 
three weeks time. This is what the Dutch gardeners 
term the ripening of their roots, becaufe by this me- 
thod the roots become firm, and the outer cover is 
fmooth, and of a bright purple colour ; whereas thofe 
roots which are permitted to remain undifturbed, till 
the leaves and ftalks are quite decayed, will be large, 
fpongy, and their outer coats will be of a pale colour ; 
for the ftems of many of thefe flowers are very large, 
and contain a great quantity of moifture, which, if 
fuffered to return into the roots, will infallibly caufe 
many of them to perifh. After they are fo ripened, 
you muft take them out of the ground, and wipe 
them clean with a foft woollen cloth, taking off all 
the decayed parts of the leaves and fibres, putting 
them into open boxes where they may lie fingly, and 
be expofed to the air, but they muft be preferved 
carefully from moifture ; nor fhould they be fuffered 
to remain where the fun may fhine upon them ; in 
this manner they may be preferved out of the ground 
until September, which is the feafon for planting 
them again, at which time yon muft feparate all 
the ftrong flowering roots, planting them in beds 
by themfelves, that they may make an equal ap- 
pearance in their flowers •, but the offsets and fmalldr 
roots fliould be planted in another feparate bed for 
one year, in which time they will acquire ftrength, 
and by the fucceeding year will be as ftrong as the 
older roots. 
Thefingle and femi-double flowers fhould be planted 
alfo in a bed by themfelves, where they fhould be 
carefully fheltered (as was diredted before) from the 
froft, until the flowers are blown ; at which time their 
covering fhould be entirely removed, and they fuffered 
to receive the open air, but the flower-ftalks fhould 
be fupported with (ticks ; which, though the weather 
may loon deface the beauty of the flowers, yet is ab- 
felutely neceifary to promote their feeding ; and 
when the feeds are quite ripe, you muft cut off the 
veffels and preferve them, with the feeds therein, 
until the feafon for fowing it. But you muft ob- 
ferve, that after thefe flowers have produced feeds, 
they feldom flower fo well again, at leaft not in two 
years after ; fo that the beft method to obtain good 
leeds is, to plant new roots every year for that 
purpofe. Although thefe roots are, by moft perfons, 
taken up every year, yet if the beds' are well pre- 
pared for them, they may remain two years in the 
ground unremoved, and the roots will increafe more 
the fecond year than the firft, though the flowers are 
more liable to degenerate ; therefore thofe who cul- 
tivate thefe for fale, take up their roots annually when 
H Y D 
they are large and faleable ; but the offsets and fiiiall 
roots, they ufually leave two years in the ground. 
There are feme perfons who let their Hyacinth roots 
remain three or four years unremoved, by which they 
have a much greater increafe of roots, than when 
they are annually taken up ; but the roots by this 
great increafe are frequently degenerated, fo as to pro- 
duce Angle flowers; therefore I fhould advife the 
taking up of the roots every year, eipecially thofe of 
the moft valuable kinds, which is the moft certain 
method to preferve them in their greateft perfection, 
though the increafe may not be fo great ; and if thefe 
roots are planted a fortnight or three weeks earlier 
in the autumn than is before directed, it will caufe 
them to produce ftronger flowers ; and thofe roots 
which are annually removed, will be rounder and 
firmer than fuch as ftand two years unremoved, 
for the other forts of Hyacinth, fee Muscari and 
Ornithogalum. 
HYACINTHUS TUBEROSUS. See Cri- 
NUM and PoLYANTHES. 
HYDRANGEA. Gron. Flor. Yirg. 50. Lin. Gen. 
Plant. 492. We have no Englifh title for. this genus. 
The Characters are. 
The flower hath a J. mall ■permanent empalement of one leaf . j 
indented in five parts , and five roundiflo petals which 
are equal , and larger than the empalement. It hath ten 
ftamina which are alternately longer than the petal , ter- 
minated by roundiflo fummits. Under the flower is fituated 
a roundiflo germen , fupporting two floor t ftyles ftanding 
apart , crowned by permanent obtufe ftigmas. The germen 
afterward turns to a roundiflo capflule , crowned by the two 
horned ftigmas , divided tranfuerfly into two cells , filled 
with flnall angular feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedrion of 
Linnaeus’s tenth clafs, intitled Decandria Dygynia, 
which includes the plants whofe flowers have ten fta- 
mina and two ftyles. 
We have but one Species of this genus, viz. 
Hydrangea {Arbor efcens.) Gron. Flor. Yirg. 50* 
This plant grows naturally in North America, from 
whence it has been brought within a few years 
paft to Europe, and is now preferved in gardens fof 
the fake of variety more than its beauty. It hath a 
fpreading fibrous root, from which is fent up many 
foft, pithy, ligneous ftalks, which rife about three feet 
high, garnifhed at each joint with two oblong heart- 
fhaped leaves placed oppofite, ftanding upon foot- 
ftalks about one inch long ; the leaves are three inches 
long, and two broad near their bafe, fawed on their 
edges, and have many veins running from the mid- 
rib upward to their borders ; they are of a light green* 
and fall away in the autumn ; the flowers are pro- 
duced at the top of the ftalks, in form of a corymbus; 
they are white, compofed of five petals, with ten fta- 
mina furrounding the ftyle. Thefe appear toward the 
end of July and in Auguft, but feldom perfedt their 
feeds in England. 
This is eafily propagated by parting of the roots 5 
the beft time for this is the latter end of October, 
which is alfo the beft time to tranfplant them : the 
plants fhould have a moift foil, for they grow na- 
turally in marfhy places ; they require no other cul- 
ture but to keep them clear from weeds, and dig the 
ground between them every winter. The roots are 
perennial, and if in very fevere froft the ftalks are 
killed, they will put out new ones the following 
fpring. 
HYDRASTIS. SccWarneria. 
HYDROCOTYLE, [of GW, water, and non ajj, a 
cavity ; becaufe this plant has a cavity in the leaves 
which contains water, and the plant grows in marfhes.] 
Water Navelwort. 
This plant grows in great plenty in moift places in 
moft parts of England, and is never cultivated for ufe, 
fo I fhall pafs it over with only naming it. 
HYDROLAPATHUM: SeeRuMEX. 
HYDROPHYLLON. Lin. Gen. Plant. 187, 
Hydrophyllon. Tourn. Infi R. II 81. tab, 16. Wa- 
ter Leaf, 
The 
