HYP 
The eighth fort grows naturally in the ifiahd of Mi- 
norca, from v/hence the feeds were fent to England, 
by Mr. Salvador, an apothecary at Barcelona, in the 
year 1718 ; this rifes with a llender fhrubby italk in 
this country about two feet high, but in its native 
foil rifes feven or eight feet high, fending out feveral 
weak branches of a reddiih colour, which are marked 
where the leaves have fallen off with a cicatrice. The 
leaves are fmall, oval, and waved on their edges, hav- 
ing'feveral fmall protuberances on their under fide, fit- 
ting clofe to the ftalks, half embracing them with their 
bafe. The flowers are produced at the top of the 
ftalks •, they are large, of a bright yellow colour, with 
a great number of ftamina, which are a little Ihorter 
than the petals •, thefe flowers have five ftyles, and are 
fucceeded by pyramidal capfules with five cells, which 
Jiave a ftrong fmell of turpentine, and are filled with 
fmall brown feeds : this plant has a fiiccefiion of 
flowers great part of the year, which renders it va- 
luable ; it is too tender to live through the winter in 
the open air in England, but requires no artificial 
heat : if the plants are placed in a dry airy glafs- 
cafe in winter, where they may be protected from 
froft, and enjoy a good lhare of frelh air in mild 
weather, they will thrive better than in a warmer 
fituation •, but they muft by no means be placed in a 
damp air, for their flioots foon grow mouldy and de- 
cay with damp, nor fhould the plants, have much 
water during the wintet ; but in fummer they fnould 
be expofed in the open air, and in warm weather they 
fhould be gently watered three times a week ; they 
fhould have a loofe fandy foil, not over rich. This is 
propagated by cuttings, which fhould be planted in 
June, in pots filled with light earth, and plunged into 
a very moderate hot-bed, whole heat is declining, 
{hading them from the fun in the heat of the day, 
and now and then refrefhing them with water ; thefe 
cuttings, fo managed, will put out roots in fix or 
feven weeks, when they fhould be carefully taken 
up, and each planted into a feparate fmall pot, placing 
them in the (hade till they have taken new root ; then 
they may be removed to a fheltered fituation, where 
they may remain till the froft comes, when they fhould 
be removed into fhelter. 
If thefe are propagated by feeds, they fnould be fown 
in autumn, in the fame way as is before directed for 
the fifth fort, and the plants treated in the fame man- 
ners as thofe raifed from cuttings. 
The ninth fort is the common Tutfan, or Park-leaves, 
which is ibmetimes ufed in medicine. It grows na- 
turally in woods in feveral parts of England, fo is not 
often admitted into gardens ; this hath a fhrubby 
ftalk, which rifes two feet high, fending out feme 
fmall branches toward the top •, thefe, and alfo the 
ftalks, are garniftied with oval heart-lhaped leaves, fit- 
ting clofe to them with their bafe, they are placed 
by pairs at every joint. The flowers are produced 
in fmall clufters at the end of the ftalk ; thefe are 
yellow, but fmaller than either of the forts here men- 
tioned ; they have many long ftamina, which ftand 
out beyond the flower, and three ftyles. The ger- 
men afterward turns to a roundilh fruit, covered with 
a moift pulp, which, when ripe, is black. The capfule 
has three cells, containing fmall feeds. It flowers in 
June, and the feeds are ripe in autumn. It hath a 
perennial root, and may be propagated by parting it 
in autumn •, it loves (hade and a ftrong foil. 
The tenth fort grows naturally in North America ^ 
this rifes with an upright herbaceous ftalk three feet 
and a half high, fending out feveral fmall branches 
upward, which come out oppofite, and are garniftied 
with oblong leaves placed oppofite, which half em- 
brace the ftalk with their bale. At the end of each 
ftalk is produced one pretty large yellow flower, with 
an obtufe empalement, having many ftamina, which 
are equal in length with the petals, and five ftvles 
which are fo clofely joined as to appear but one. The 
ftigmas are reflexed, which denote their number. This 
fort feldom ripens feeds here, fo is propagated by 
HYS 
parting the roots-. The beft time for this is in jfiL 
tumn j it fhould have a light foil and an open fitua- 
tion. The flowers appear the latter end of July, and 
in Auguft. 
The eleventh fort grows naturally in China, front 
whence the feeds were brought to the Right Hon. the 
Earl of Northumberland, and the plants were railed 
in his Lordfhip’s curious garden at Stanwick, and by 
his Lordfliip’s generofity the Chelfea garden was fur- 
nifhed with this plant. 
The root of this plant is compofed of many ligneous 
fibres, which ftrike deep in the ground •, from which 
arife feveral fhrubby ftalks near two feet high, co- 
vered with a purplifh bark, and garnilhed with ftifF 
ftnooth leaves about two inches long, and a quarter 
of an inch broad, placed by pairs, fitting clofe to 
the ftalk ; they are of a lucid green on their tipper 
fide, and gray on their under, having many tranfverfe 
veins running from the midrib to the border. The 
flowers are produced at the top of the ftalks, growing 
in fmall clufters, each ftanding upon a fhort diftinbt 
foot-ftalk ; thefe have an empalement of one leaf, di- 
vided into five obtufe figments almoft to the bottom, 
which is of a deep purple colour. The flower is com- 
pofed of five large obtufe petals, of a bright yellow 
colour •, thefe are concave, and in the center is fituated 
an oval germen ftipporting a Angle ftyle, crowned by- 
five (lender ftigmas, which bend on one fide ; the 
ftyle is attended by a great number of ftamina which 
are longer than the petals, and terminated by round- 
ifii fummits. 
This plant continues in flower great part of the year, 
which renders it the more valuable ; and if it is planted 
in a very warm fituation, it will live in the open air •, 
but thofe plants which ftand abroad will not flower in 
winter, as thofe do which are removed into {belter in 
autumn. 
It may be propagated by flips from the root, or by 
laying down of the branches ; if by flips, they ihould 
be planted in the fpring on a moderate hot-bed, which 
will forward their putting out new roots ; the layers 
ihould alfo be laid down at the fame time, which will 
have taken root by autumn, when they may be trans- 
planted into pots, and fheltered under a frame in win- 
ter ; and in the fpring, part of thefe may be planted in 
a warm border, and the others continued in pots to be 
fcreened in winter, left thofe in the open air fhould be 
killed. 
HYPERICUM FRUTEX. See Spiraea. 
HYPOCHiERIS, a fort of Hawkweed, of which 
there are two or three fpecies, which grow naturally 
in England the others are feldom admitted into gar- 
dens, therefore I fhall not enumerate them. 
HYPOPHYLLOSPERMOUS PLANTS 
[of uVo, under, cpvxxov, a leaf, and <nripy.a,, feed,] are 
luch plants as bear their feeds on the backfides of 
their leaves. 
HYSSOPUS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 200. tab. 95. Lip. 
Gen. Plant. 628. [takes its name from the Hebrew 
word 2i?n, in which language Hyffop fignifies a holy 
herb, or for purging or cleanfing facred places, as it 
is faid in the Pfalms, Purge me with Hyffop. But 
what plant the Hyffop of the antients was, is not 
known, but that it feems to have been a low plant, 
becaufe Solomon is faid to have defcribed the plants 
from the Cedar to the Hyffop.] Hyffop ; in French, 
Hifope. 
The Characters are. 
The e?npale?nent of the flower is oblong , cylindrical , 
jir caked , and permanent. It is of one leaf cut into five 
acute parts at the top. The flower is of one petal , of the 
grinning kind , with a narrow cylindrical tube the length 
of the empalement. The chaps are inclining. The upper 
Up is fhort , plain , roundifh , credit and indented at the 
top. The under lip is trifid , the two fide fegments being 
fhorter than the middle one , which is~ crenated. It hath 
four ftamina , which ftand apart •, two of them are longer 
than the petal the other two are fhorter , terminated by 
flngle fummits. It hath four germen , » with a fingle ftyle 
7 B ' fltuatd 
