^ J A T 
nodelphia, which includes thafe plants ' which have 
male and female flowers on the fame plant, and the 
ftamina are collected in one body. 
The Species are, 
1. Jatropha ( Manihot ) folils palmatis, lobis lanceolatis 
integerrimis Imvibus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1007. Jatropha 
with hand-Jhaped leaves whofe lobes are fpear-fhaped , en- 
tire, and fmooth. Manihot Theveti, juca & caffavi. 
J. B. 2. 794. The Manihot of Thevet, and the Juca or 
Cajjava of John Bauhin. 
2. Jatropha (|| 'uinquelobatus ) folds quinquelobatis, lo- 
bis acuminatis, acute dentatis laevibus, caule frutico- 
fo. Jatropha with leaves compofed of five Jmooth lobes 
ending in points , which are jharply indented, on their edges , 
and a jhrubby fialk. Juflievia frutefcens, non fpinofa, 
foliis glabris & minus laciniatis. Houft. MSS. Shrubby 
Juffievia without fpines , and fmooth leaves lefs divided. 
3 • Jatropha ( Urens ) aculeata, foliis quinquelobatis 
acute incifis, caule herbaceo. Prickly Jatropha , with 
leaves having five lobes which are fharply cut on their 
edges , and an herbaceous fialk. Juflievia herbacea, fpi- 
nofiffima, urens, foliis digitatis & laciniatis. Houft. 
MSS. The mofi prickly fiinging and herbaceous Juffievia , 
with fingered leaves which are jagged. 
4. Jatropha ( Herbacea ) aculeata, foliis trilobis, caule 
herbaceo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1007. Prickly Jatropha , with 
leaves having three lobes and an herbaceous fialk. Juf- 
fievia herbacea fpinoftffima, urens, foliis trilobatis 
minime incifts. Houft. MSS. Prickly fiinging herbaceous 
Juffievia , with leaves having three lobes , which are very 
Jlightly indented. 
5. Jatropha ( Vitifolius ) foliis palmatis dentatis aculeatis. 
Hort. Cliff. 445. Jatropha with hand-Jhaped , indented , 
prickly leaves. Manihot fpinofiflima, folio vitigineo. 
Plum. Cat. 20. The mofi prickly Cajjava with a Vine 
leaf. 
6. Jatropha ( Aconitifolius) foliis lobatis dentatis acu- 
minatis, urentibus, caule arboreo. Jatropha with lo- 
bated leaves which are indented , acute-pointed , and flinging, 
and a tree-like, fialk. Juflievia arborea, minus fpinofa, 
floribus albis umbellatis, foliis aconiti urentibus. 
Houft. MSS. Tree Juffievia which is lefs prickly, with 
white flowers growing in umbels, and fiinging leaves like 
thofe of Wolfsbane. 
ff, Jatropha (. Multifida ) foliis multipartitis laevibus, fti- 
pulis fetaceis multifidis. Hort. Cliff. 445. Jatropha 
with fmooth leaves divided into many parts , and briftly 
ftipulce with many points. Ricinoides arbor Americana, 
folio multifido. 656. Tree American Baftard Ricinus 
with a many pointed leaf, commonly called French Phyfic 
Nut in America. 
§. Jatropha ( Curcas ) foliis cordatis angulatis. Hort. 
Cliff. 445, Jatropha with angular heart-fioaped leaves. 
Ricinoides Americana goffypii folio. Tourn. Inft. 656. 
American Baftard Ricinus with a Cotton leaf, commonly 
called Phyfic Nut in America. 
9. Jatropha ( Staphyfagrifolia ) foliis quinquepartitis, lo- 
bis ovatis integris, fetis glandulofts ramofls. Flor. 
Leyd. Prod. 202. Jatropha with leaves divided into five 
parts , the lobes whereof are oval and entire, and branching 
briftles arifing from the glands. Ricinoides Americana 
ftaphyfagrise folio. Tourn. Inft. 656. American Baftard 
Ricinus, with a Stavefacre leaf, commonly called Belly- 
- ach Weed in America. 
The firft fort here mentioned, is the common Caflada 
or Caffava, which is cultivated for food in the warm 
parts of America, where, after the juice is expreffed 
out of the root (which has a poifonous quality} it is 
ground into a kind of flour, and made up in cakes 
or puddings, and is efteemed a wholefome food. 
This riles with a fhrubby ftalk fix or feven feet high, 
garnifhed with fmooth leaves, ft an ding upon long 
foot-ftalks alternately ; they are compofed of feven 
lobes, which are joined at their bafe in one center, 
where they are narrow, but increafe in their breadth 
■till within an inch and a half of the top, where they 
.diminiili to an acute point ; the three middle lobes 
are about fix inches long, and two broad in their 
broadeft part ; the two next are about an inch ftiorter, 
-and the two out0.de lobes are not more than three 
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inches long ; the middle lobes are finuated on each 
fide near the top, but the two outer are entire. The 
flowers are produced in umbels at the top of the 
ftalks, thefe are feme male and others female in the 
fame umbel ; they are compofed of five roundifh pe- 
tals which fpread open ; the male flowers have their 
ten ftamina joined together in a column, and the fe- 
male flowers have a roundifh germen with three fur- 
rows in the center, fupporting three ftyles ; two are 
feparated at a diftance, and the third arifes between 
them, but is not fo long ; they are crowned by dingle 
ftigmas. _ The germen afterward turns to a roundTfh 
capfule with three lobes, each having a diftindt cell, 
containing one feed. 
The fecond fort was difeovered by the late Dr. Houf- 
toun at the Havanna, from whence he Tent the feeds. 
This rifes with an upright ftalk ten or twelve feet 
high, which is firft green and herbaceous, but after-, 
ward becomes ligneous, fending out a few branches 
at the top, which are garnifhed with fmooth leaves, 
compofed of five oval lobes, which end in acute points j 
the edges are alfo indented in feveral irregular points, 
which are acute. The flowers are produced in am 
umbel at the extremity of the ftalks, they are of an 
herbaceous white colour, and are male and female in 
the fame umbel, as the other fort; the capfule is 
fmooth and has three cells, each including a Angle 
feed. 
The third fort was difeovered by the late Dr. Houf- 
toun, growing naturally in the fandy grounds about 
the town of La Vera Cruz, from whence he lent the 
feeds, which fucceeded in the Chelfea garden. This 
hath a very thick flefhy root, in fhape like the white 
Spanifh Radifli ; the ftalk rifes from one to two feet 
high, it is taper, herbaceous, and branching, and 
clofely armed on every fide with long white fpines, 
which are not very ftiff, but are pungent and fling- 
ing ; the leaves are divided into five lobes, the middle 
being the longeft ; the others are fhortened, the' two 
next being about an inch fhorter, but the two outer 
are not more than half the length of the middle ; thefe 
are deeply jagged on both fides, and are waved on 
their edges ; all the veins of the leaves are clofely 
armed with flinging fpines, fo that it is dangerous 
handling them ; for all the intermediate parts of the 
leaves have fmall flinging fpines like thofe of the 
Nettle, but they do not appear fo vifible. At the end 
of the branches the flowers are produced in umbels 5 
they are white, and have empalements clofely armed 
with the fame fpines as the ftalks and leaves : there 
are male and female flowers in the fame umbel ; the 
female flowers are fucceeded by tricapfular vefiels, 
containing three feeds. 
The fourth fort rifes with an herbaceous ftalk about 
a foot high, dividing into two or three branches, which 
are garnifhed with leaves ftanding alternate upon long 
foot-ftalks ; they are compofed of three oblong lobes 
which are (lightly finuated on their edges, ending in 
acute points ; the whole plant is clofely armed with 
long, briftly, flinging fpines. The flowers grow in 
an umbel at the end of the branches ; they are fmall, 
of a dirty white colour, and are male and female in 
the fame umbel : the female flowers are fucceeded by 
oval capfules with three lobes, which are covered 
with the fame fpines as the plant ; thefe have three 
cells, each containing a Angle feed. This plant is 
annual. 
The fifth fort was found growing naturally at Car- 
thagena in New Spain, by the late Mr. Robert Millar, 
who fent the feeds to England, which fucceeded in 
feveral curious gardens. This hath a thick, fwelling, 
flefhy root, from which arifes an herbaceous ftalk as 
bio- as a. man’s thumb, which is four or five feet high, 
and divides into feveral branches; thefe are very 
clofely armed with long brow r n fpines ; the foot-ftalks 
of the leaves are fix or feven inches long, which are 
alfo armed with fpines, but not fo clofely, nor are the 
fpines fo long as thofe on the ftalk and branches ; the 
leaves are deeply cut into five lobes, which are jagged 
deeply on their Tides, and the nerves are armed with 
flinging 
