J U N 
5= Juniperus ( Bermudiana ) foliis inferiorlbus terms, 
luperioribus quadrifariam imbricatis. Juniper with 
fpreading under leaves -placed by threes , and the upper by 
fours , which lie clofe over each other . Juniperis Ber- 
mudiana. H, L. Cedar of Bermudas . 
©„ Juniper is ( ThurifeYa ) foliis quadrifariam imbricatis 
acutis. Lin, Sp. 1471, Juniper with awUJhaped acute 
leaves- placed by fours, lying over each other . juniper us 
major bacca caerulea. C: B. P. Greater Juniper with 
blue berries . 
7, Juniperus ( Phoenicia ) foliis terms obliteratis imbri- 
caiis obtufis. Lin. Sp. 1471. Juniper with leaves placed 
by threes , which are obliterate , obtufe , and lying over 
each other. Cedrus folio cuprefli major, fruftu flave- 
fcente. C. B. P. Greater Cedar with a Cyprefs leaf and 
yellowijh fruit. 
Z. Juniperus ( Lycia ) foliis teriiis undique imbricatis 
ovatis obtufis. Flor. Leyd. 90. Juniper with oval 
blunt leaves , which every where lie over each other. Ce- 
drus folio cuprefli media, majoribus baccis. C. B. P. 
488. Middle Cedar , with a Cyprefs leaf and larger 
berries. 
9. Juniperus ( Barbadenfis ) foliis omnibus quadrifariam 
imbricatis junioribus ovatis fenioribus acutis. Prod. 
Leyd. 90. Juniper with all the leaves placed by fours , 
lying over each other , the young being oval , the older 
acute. Juniperus maxima cuprefli folio minimo, cor- 
tice exteriore in tenues philyras fpiralis du&ili. Sloan. 
Cat. Jam. 128. Great eft Juniper with the leaf Cyprefs 
leaf, and the outer bark fplitting off in thin dublile pieces, 
commonly called Jamaica Berry-bearing Cedar . 
10. Juniperus ( Sabina ) foliis oppolitis ere&is decur- 
rentibus, ramis patulis. Juniper with oppoftte, erebl, 
running leaves , and fpreading branches. Sabina folio ta- 
marifei. C. B. P. 487. Savin with a Tamarifk leaf, or 
common Savin. 
31. Juniperus ( Lufitanica ) foliis oppofitis patulis de~ 
currentibus, ramis ere&ioribus. Juniper with oppoftte 
fpreading leaves, which run over each other, and more 
\ 'erebl branches. Sabina folio cuprefli. C. B. P. 487. 
Savin with a Cyprefs leaf, commonly called Berry-bearing 
Savin. 
12. Juniperus ( Oxycedrus ) foliis undique imbricatis ob- 
tufis, ramis teretibus. Juniper with obtufe leaves every- 
where lying over each other , and taper branches. Juni- 
perus major, bacca rufefeente. C. B. P. 489. Greater 
Juniper with a brownijh berry. 
13. Juniperus (Hifpanica) foliis quadrifariam imbrica- 
tis acutis. Prod. Leyd. 90. Juniper with acute leaves 
lying over each other , placed four ways. Cedrus Hifpa- 
nica procerior, frudu maximo nigro. Tourn. Inft. 
588. 'Taller Spanijh Cedar , with a very large black fruit. 
The firfb fort grows naturally upon chalky lands 
In many parts of England. This is a low fhrub, fel- 
dom riling more than three feet high, fending out 
jmany fpreading branches, which incline on every fide, 
covered with a brown bark, and garnilhed with nar- 
row awl-fhaped leaves ending in acute points, which 
are placed by threes round the branches, pointing 
outward •, thefe are of a grayifh colour, and conti- 
nue through the year •, the male flowers fometimes 
are fltuated on the fame plant with the female, but at 
diftances, at other times they are upon diftind 
plants : the female flowers are fucceeded by round- 
lih berries, which are firft green, but when ripe, are 
Of a dark purple colour. The berries ripen in the 
autumn. ^ 
The wood, the berries, and the gum, are ufed in 
medicine *, the gum is titled Sandaracha. 
q[*he fecond fort is known in the gardens by the ti- 
tle of Swedifn Juniper : this is by many fuppofed to 
be only a variety of the firft, but is undoubtedly a 
diftind fpecies, for I have many years raifed both 
Ions from the feeds, and have never found them al- 
ter. This fort rifes to the height of ten or twelve 
feet, the branches grow more ered, the leaves are 
narrower, and end in more acute points : they are 
placed farther afurider on the branches, and the ber- 
ries are longer. It grows naturally in Sweden, Den- 
mark, and Norway. 
J U N 
The third fort grows naturally in moft pans of 
North America, where it is called red Cedar, to diftin- 
guifti it from a fort of Cyprefs, which is called white 
Cedar there. Of this there are two, if not three va- 
rieties, befides the fpecies here enumerated one of 
which has leaves in every part, like thofe of the Sa- 
vin, and upon- being rubbed, emit a very ftrong un- 
grateful odour : this is commonly diftinguifhed in 
America, by the title of Savin-tree. There is ano- 
ther with leaves very like thofe of Cyprefs, but as 
thefe generally arife from the fame feeds when they 
are fent from America, fo they may be fuppofed 
to be only feminal variations. 
The lower leaves of the fourth fort are like thofe 
bf the Swedifh Juniper, but the upper leaves are like 
thofe of the Cyprefs ; and this difference is conftant, 
if the feeds are carefully gathered from the fame tree ; 
but as moft of thofe people who fend over thefe feeds, 
are not very careffil to diftinguiih the difference, fo 
it often happens that the feeds of two or three forts 
are mixed together, which has given occafion to peo- 
ple to imagine them but one Ipedes ° 9 but all the leaves 
of the third are like thole of the Juniper, fo the gar- 
deners call this the red Virginia Cedar •, and the fourth 
they call Carolina Cedar, though all the forts grow 
naturally in Virginia. 
The fifth fort is the Bermudas Cedar, whofe wood 
has a very ftrong odour,- and was formerly in great 
efteem for wainfootting of rooms, and alfo for fur- 
niture ; but the odour being too powerful for manv 
perfons, has rendered it lefs valuable, and at pre- 
font there is riot much of it imported into Eng- 
land. Thefe plants, while young, have acute-pointed 
leaves, which fpread open, and are placed by threes 
round the branches •, but as the trees advance, fo 
their leaves alter, and the branches are four-cornered y 
the leaves are very fhort, and placed by fours round 
the branches, lying over each other like the fcales 
of filh •, the berries are produced toward the end of 
the branches j thefe are of a dark red colour, inclining 
to purple. As there are few of thefe trees of any 
great fize in England, fo I have not had an oppor- 
tunity of examining their flowers, therefore do not 
know if they have male and female flowers on the 
fame plant, or if they are on different plants % for 
although I have received very fine fpecimens from 
Bermudas, yet they are all with fruit on them almoft 
fully grown, and not one with male flowers-, and as thefe 
trees areeommonlydeftroyedinEnglandwheneverthere 
happens a fevere winter, where they are not flickered, 
fo we have little hopes of feeing them in flower here. 
The flxth fort grows naturally in Iftria, from whence 
I received the berries, which have fucceeded with me 
in the Chelfea garden. This hath fpreading branches, 
growing thinly, which are garnilhed with acute- 
pointed leaves, placed by fours round the branches y 
they are of a deep green, and not very clofe to each, 
other, but grow horizontally, pointing outward ; the 
berries are much larger than thofe of the common 
Juniper, and are blue when ripe. 
The feventh fort grows naturally in Portugal, from 
whence I have frequently received the berries. This 
fort grows with its branches in a pyramidical form \ 
the lower ones are garnilhed with fhort, acute-pointed, 
grayifh leaves, placed by threes round the branches,' 
pointing outward 5 but thofe on the upper branches 
are of a dark green, lying over each other like the 
fcales of filh, but end in acute points. The male 
flowers are produced at the extremity of the branches j 
they are fltuated in a loofe, fcaly, conical katkin, 
ftanding upon a fhort foot-ftalk ereft ; the fruit is 
produced fometimes upon the fame tree, at diftances 
from the flowers, and at other times they are upon 
feparate trees ; the berries of this are of a pale yellow 
when ripe, and about the fize of thofe of the common 
Juniper. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Spain and Italy, 
from both which countries I have received it. The 
branches of this fort grow ereft, and are covered with 
a reddifh brown bark 5 the leaves are final!, obtufe, 
and 
