and lie over each other like the fcales of fifn , the 
male flowers grow at the extremity of the branches 
in a conical katkin, and the fruit grows; Engle from 
the lide of the branches below the katkins, on the 
fame branch ; the berries are large, oval, and, when 
ripe, are brown. 
The ninth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and alfo 
in the. other iflands of the Weft-Indies, where it riles 
to be one of the largeft timber trees in thofe coun- 
tries ; the wood is frequently fetched from thence by 
the inhabitants of North America, for building of 
fhips. This fort is generally confounded with the Ber- 
mudas Cedar, and taken for the fame, but the fpeci- 
mens of it which were font me by the late Dr. Houf- 
toun, prove them to be different trees ; for the branches 
of this fpread very wide, the leaves are extremely 
fmall, and are everywhere lying imbricatim over 
each other ; the bark is rugged, and fplits oft' in 
firings, and is of a very dark colour ; the berries 
are fmallerthan thofe of the Bermudas Cedar, and are 
of a light brown colour when ripe : this fort is male 
and female in different trees. 
The tenth fort is the common Savin ; this grows na- 
turally in Italy, Spain, and the Levant, upon the 
mountains where it is cold. It fends out its branches 
horizontally, fo feldom rifes more than three or four 
feet high, but fpreads to a confiderabie diftance every 
way ; the branches are garnifhed with very fnort acute- 
pointed leaves placed oppofite, which run over each 
other along the branches, whole ends point upward. 
This fort very rarely produces either flower or feed 
in the gardens ; I have frequently examined old plants 
which have been handing more than fifty years, and 
have not more than three times found any male 
flowers upon them, and but once have feen any ber- 
ries, which were upon a feparate tree from the flowers ; 
thefe berries were fmaller than thofe of the common 
Juniper, but of the fame colour, and were a little 
compreffed ; the whole plant has a very rank ftrong 
odour when touched. The leaves of this fhrub are 
much ufed by the farriers for horfes when they have 
worms ; and Mr. Ray commends the juice of it mixed j 
with milk, and fweetened with fugar, as an excellent 
medicine for children who are troubled with worms. 
The leaves beaten into a cataplafm with hog’s-lard, 
will cure children’s fcabby heads. 
The eleventh fort has, by many, been fuppofed to 
be only an accidental variety of the former, but there 
is a a manifeft difference between them •, for the 
branches of this grow more ereft than thofe of the 
eleventh fort, the leaves are fhorter, and end in 
acute points which fpread outward. This fort will 
rife to the height of feven or eight feet, and produces 
great quantities of berries. I have propagated this 
fort from feeds, but have never found it vary. It has 
been diftinguiflhed by moft of the old botanifts, by 
the title of Berry-bearing Savin. It grows natu- 
rally on the Alps, from whence I have received the 
berries. 
The twelfth fort grows naturally in Spain, Portugal, 
and the fouth of France, where it rifes ten or twelve 
feet high, fending out branches the whole length of 
the ftem, which are garnifhed with fmall obtufe 
leaves, lying over each other like the fcales of fifh • 
the branches are fmall and taper, having no angles or 
corners, as moft of the others have ; the male flowers 
are fituated at the end of the branches in conical fcaly 
katkins, and the berries grow below from the fide 
of the fame branches. Thefe are larger than thofe 
of the common Juniper, and when ripe are brown. 
The thirteenth fort grows naturally in Spain and 
Portugal, where it rifes from twenty-five to thirty 
feet high, fending out many branches which form a 
fort of pyramid •, the branches are garnifhed with 
acute-pointed leaves, which lie over each other four 
ways, fo as to make the branches four-cornered ; 
the berries of this fort are very large, and black when 
ripe. 
Theie plants are all propagated by fowing their feeds, 
the beft feafon for which is as foon as they are ripe, if 
they can then be procured for when they are kept 
until fpring before they are fown, they will not come 
up until the fecoftd year. The ground in which, the 
feeds of the hardy forts are fown, fhould be frefli and 
light, but it fnould not be dunged : it fhould be well 
dug and levelled very even •, then fow your feeds 
thereon pretty thick, and lift forne earth over them 
about half an inch thick this bed will require no 
farther care than only to keep it clear from . weeds, 
and toward the middle or latter end of April, you. 
will find fome of your plants appear above ground, 
though, perhaps, the greateft part of them may lie 
till the fpring following before they come up ; 
therefore you fhould carefully clear the beds from 
weeds, and in very dry weather refrefh them with 
fome water, which will greatly promote the growth 
of thofe plants which are up, and alfo caufe the other 
feeds to vegetate ; but if the bed in which thefe feeds 
are fown is much expofed to the fun, it fliould 
be fhaded with mats in the day ; for when the plants 
come firft up, they will not bear too much heat. 
In this bed they fhould remain till the fecond autumn, 
when you mu..: prepare fome beds to tranfplant them 
into, which ihpuld alfo be of light, frefh, undunged 
foil ; and having well dug and cleanfed the ground 
from all noxious weeds and roots, you fhould make 
it level ; and then in the beginning of October, which 
is the proper feafon for removing thefe plants, you 
fhould raife up theyoung plants with a trowel, preferr- 
ing as much earth as. poflible to. their roots, and plant 
them into beds about five or fix inches afunder each 
way, giving them fome water to fettle the earth to 
their roots •, and if it fhould prove very dry weather, 
you may lay a little mulch upon the furface of the 
ground round their roots, which will be of great fer- 
vice to the plants. But as many of the feeds will be 
yet left in the ground where they are fown, fo the 
beds fliould not be difturbed too much in taking up 
the plants ; for I have known a bed fown with theie 
berries, which has fupplied plants for three years 
drawing, fome of the berries having lain fo long in 
the ground before they fprouted ; therefore the fur- 
face of the beds fnould be kept level, and conftantly 
clean from weeds. 
The plants may remain two years in thefe beds, ob- 
ferving to keep them clear from weeds ; in the 
fpring you fhould ftir the ground gently between 
them, that their roots may with greater eafe ftrike 
into it ; after which time they fliould be tranfplanted, 
either into a nurfery, at the diftance of three feet 
row from row, and eighteen inches afunder in the 
rows, or into the places where they are to remain 
for good. The beft feafon to tranfplant them (as I 
before obferved) is in the beginning of Gcftober, when 
you fliould take them up carefully, to preferve a 
ball of earth to their roots ; and when planted, their 
roots fliould be mulched ; all which, if carefully at- 
tended to, as alfo obferving to refrefh them with 
water in very dry weather until they have taken new 
root, will preferve them from the danger of not 
growing-, and they being extreme hardy in refpedfc 
to cold, will defy the fevereft of our winters to in- 
jure them, provided they are not planted in a moift 
or rich foil. 
In order to have thefe trees afpire in height, their 
under branches fhould be taken off, efpecially where 
they are inclined to grow ftrong, but they muff 
not be kept too clofely pruned, 'which would retard 
their growth ; for all thefe Evergreen trees do more 
or lefs abound with a refmous juice, which in hot 
weather is very apt to flow out from fueh places as are 
wounded •, fo that it will not bo abvifeable to take off 
too many branches at once, which would make, fo 
many wounds, from which their fap in hot weather 
would flow in fuch plenty, as to render the trees v/eak 
and unhealthy. 
The two forts of Virginian Cedars grow to a much 
greater height than the former, and in, their native 
country afford excellent timber for many ufesg but 
with us there are very few which are above twenty- 
7 L five 
