and two broad ; thefe are without foot-ftalks, growing 
dole to the root, and feem as if fet on by pairs, 
fpreading open each way •, and from between thefe 
leaves the flowers are produced fingly, having no 
foot-ftalks, but are clofely embraced by the leaves •, 
the flowers are white, having a bright purple bottom. 
Thefe are not fueceeded by any fruit in England. 
The lecond fort hath roots fomewhat like thole of the 
firft, but are Ihorter, growing in large clutters, covered 
with an Afh-coloured Ikin, but within are white; from 
the roots arife the leaves, which fold over each other 
at their bale ; they are fix or eight inches long, and 
three broad in the middle, gradually ending in acute 
points ; the flowers arife immediately from the roots, 
each having a lpatha (or fheath) at bottom cut into 
two iegments, which clofely embrace the foot-ftalk ; 
thefe have fix petals, the three lower which decline 
downward are long and narrow, the two upper are 
divided fo deeply as to appear like a flower with four 
petals, and the fide petal is bifid ; they are of mixed 
colours, blue, purple, white and red, having a fragrant 
odour: they flower in July and Auguft, but do not 
produce feeds in England. 
Thefe plants being natives of hot countries, wall not 
bear the open air in England, fo requires a warm 
ftove to preferve them through the winter ; but as 
their leaves decay in the autumn, fo the plants fhould 
not have too much wet while they are in an inactive 
ftate. If the plants are placed in the bark-ftove, and 
treated in the fame manner as is directed for the 
Ginger, they will thrive, and produce plenty of 
flowers every fummer. They are both propagated 
by parting of their roots ; the belt time for this is in 
the fp ring, juft before they begin to put cut their 
leaves 
KETMIA. See Hibiscus. 
KIGGEL ARIA. Tin. Gen. Plant. 1001. Lauras. 
Sterb. We have no Englifn title for this plant. 
The Characters are, 
It hath male and hermaphrodite flowers fituated on different 
trees ; the male flowers have an empalement of one leaf , 
cut into five concave figments, and five concave petals 
* which are longer than the empalement , flu aped like a 
pitcher ; each of the petals have a honey gland faflened to 
their bafle , which have three ohtufi lobes and are coloured , 
faflened to the tails of the petals ; they have ten flmallfia- 
mina , terminated by oblong fummits. "The hermaphrodite 
flowers have empalement s and petals like the male , but few 
of them have ftamina. In the center is fituated a roundifh 
germen , flupporting five ftyles , crowned by obtufe ftigmas. 
The germen afterward becomes a rough globular fruit 
with a thick cover , having one cell , filled with angular 
feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the ninth fedtion of 
Linnaeus’s twenty-fecond clafs, intitled Dioecia De- 
candria ; but it fhould be removed to his twenty-third 
clafs, as the hermaphrodite flowers are fruitful, tho’ 
they are fituated upon diftinct plants, whofe male 
flowers have ten ftamina. 
We have but one Species of this genus, viz. 
K-IGgelAria ( Africana .) Hort. Clift. 462. fol. 20. Euony- 
mo-affinis Aithiopica fempervirens, fructu globofo fca- 
bro, folks falicis rigidis ferratis. H. L. 139. An 
Ethiopian Evergreen plant refimbling the Spindle-tree , 
with a rough globular fruit , and jiff flawed Willow 
leaves. 
This plant grows naturally at the Cape of Good Hope, 
where it rifes to be a tree of middling ftature ; but as 
it will not live in the open air here, they cannot be 
expected to grow to a great magnitude in England. 
There are plants of it in the Chelfea garden upward 
of ten feet high, with ftrong woody Items and pretty 
laro-e heads ; the branches have a fmooth bark, which 
is firft green, but afterward changes to a purplifh co- 
lour the leaves are about three inches long and one 
broad, of a light green colour, and iawed on their 
edges, Landing upon fhort foot-ftalks alternately. The 
flowers come out in duffers from the fide of the 
branches, and hang downward ; they are of an herba- 
ceous white colour, and appear in May, at which 
time the plants are thinly garnifhed with leaves, for 
moft of the old leaves drop juft before the ne w ones ap- 
pear. The male flowers fall away loon after their farina 
is fhed, butthe hermaphrodite flowers are fueceeded by 
globular fruit about the flze of common red Cherries ; 
the cover of thefe is very rough, and of a thick con- 
fluence, opening in five valves at the top, having one 
cell filled with final! angular feeds. Thefe fruit have 
grown to their full fize in the Chelfea garden, but 
the feeds have rarely come to maturity here. 
Thefe plants were not very common in Europe fome 
years paft, being very difficult to propagate, unlds 
by feeds, which fome plants both in Holland and 
England have lately produced, fo that they are now 
much more plenty than they were in both countries ; 
for when any of the young branches are laid down, 
they are two years before they put out roots, and 
fcarce one in five will then have any roots ; nor do 
the cuttings fucceed better, for not one in twenty of 
them will take root, when planted with the utmoft 
care : the belt time to plant the cuttings is in the 
fpring, juft before the plants begin tofheot; thefe 
fhould be planted in pots filled with a loft loamy earth, 
and plunged into a very moderate hot-bed, covering 
them clofe with a glafs, to exclude the air from them, 
and flbade them every day from the fun ; they ftiould 
have very little water after their firft planting. If any 
of them grow, they ftiould be planted into feparate 
Jmall pots, filled with loamy earth, and may be ex- 
pofed to the air in a fheltered fituation till autumn, 
when they mult be removed into the green-houfe, and 
treated in the fame manner as Orange-trees. 
KITCHE N-G ARDEN. A good Kitchen-garden 
is almoft as necefiary to a country feat, as a kitchen 
to the houfe ; for without one, there is no way of 
being fupplied with a great part of necefiary food; the 
markets in the country being but poorly furnifhed 
with efculent herbs, and thofe only upon the market 
days, which are feldom oftener than once a week ; fo 
that unlefs a perfon has a garden of his own, there 
will be no fuch thing as procuring them freffi, in which 
their goodnefs confifts ; nor can any variety of thefe 
be had in the country markets ; therefore whoever 
propofes to refide in the country, fhould be careful 
to make choice of a proper fpot of ground for this 
purpofe; and the fooner that is made and planted, 
the produce of it will be earlier in perfection ; for 
, fruit-trees and Afparagus require three years to grow, 
before any produce can be expedited from, them ; fo 
that the later the garden is made, the longer it will 
be before a fupply of thefe things can be had for the 
table. And although the ufefulnefs of this garden is 
acknowledged by almoft every one, yet there are few 
who make a proper choice of foil and fituation for 
fuch a garden ; the modern tafte, which is, perhaps, 
carried to as extravagant lengths, in laying open and 
throwing every obftruction down, as the former cuft 
tom of inclofing within walls was ridiculous ; fo that 
now one frequently fees the Kitchen-garden removed 
to a very great diftance from the houfe and offices, 
which is attended with great inconveniencies ; and 
often fituated on a very bad foil, fometimes too moift, 
and at others without water, fo that there is a great 
expence in building walls and making the garden, 
where there can be little hopes of fuccefs. 
Nor will a Kitchen-garden be well attended to, when 
it is fo fituated as to be out of fight of the poffeffor, 
efpecially if the gardener has not a love and value for 
it, or if it lies at a great diftance from his habitation, 
or the other parts of the garden ; for when it fo hap- 
pens, a great part of the labourer’s time will be loft 
in going from one part to the other: therefore, be- 
fore the general plan of the pleafu re- garden is fettled, 
a proper piece of ground ftiould be chofen for this 
purpole, and the plan fo adapted, as that the Kitchen- 
garden may not become offenfive to the fight, which 
may be effected by proper plantations of fihrubs to 
foreen the walls ; and through thefe ffirubs may be 
contrived 
