L I L 
alfo by laying down their branches ; but as they fel- 
dcm fhoot fo fall, as to produce any branches pro- 
per for layers, the other method is chiefly ufed. The 
filler ftriped fort is fomewhat tenderer than the plain, 
but will endure the open air, if planted in a dry foil 
and in a warm fituation. 
LILAC. See Syringa. 
LILIASTRUM. See Hemerocallts. 
L I L I O-A SPHODELUS. See Hemerocallis 
and Crinum. 
L I L I O-F R FT I LLA R I A. See Fritillaria. 
L I L I O-H YACINTHUS. See Scilla. 
L I L I O-N ARCISSUS. See Amaryllis. 
L ILIUM. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 369. tab. 191. Lin. 
Gen. Plant. 371. [takes its name of fmooth, 
poliflied, becauie its leaves are, as it were, polifhed •, 
or of a Bipci/, which fignifies the fame thing,] the Lily - 3 
in French, Lis. 
The Characters are, 
The flower has no empalement ; it hath fix petals , which 
are narrow at their bafe , but are broad , obtufle , and re- 
fexed at their points. The flower is of the open bell- 
fhape , the petals are thick, obtufle, and keel-Jhaped •, on 
their back each petal has a narrow longitudinal nelia- 
rium at their bafe. It hath fx fiamina which are ere II 
and foorter than the petals , terminated by oblong profir ate 
fumrnits, with a cylindrical oblcng germen having fix flur- 
rows , Jupporting a cylindrical fiyle the length of the pe- 
tals , crowned by a thick triangular fiigma. The germen 
aft exward' becomes an oblong capfule with fx rough fur- 
rows hollowed at the top, having three cells which are 
filed with flat half round feeds , lying above each other in a 
double order. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the Hrft fediion of 
Lihnaeu's’s fixth clafs, which includes thole plants 
whole flowers have fix fiamina and one flyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Lilium ( Candidum ) foliis fparfis, corollis campanu- 
latis ereuds, intus glabris. Hort. Cliff. T20. Lily with 
fparfed leaves , and a bell-Jhaped erelt flower which is 
fmooth within. Liiium album, fiore eredlo & vul- 
gare. C. B. P. 76. Common white Lily with an erelt 
flower. 
2. Lilium ( Peregrinurn ) foliis fparfis, corollis campa- 
nulatis cernuis, petalis bafi anguflioribus. Lily with 
fparfed leaves , and a bell f japed nodding flower , whofe pe- 
tals are narrower at their bafe. Lilium album, flori- 
bus dependentibus, five peregrinum. C. B. P. 76. 
White foreign Lily with pendent flowers. 
3. Lilium ( Bulhifenm ) foliis fparfis, corollis campa- 
nula^ eredlis, intus fcabris. Plort. Cliff. 120. Lily 
with fparfed leaves , and an erelt beU-JBaped flower , rough 
within. Lilium purpureo-croceum majus. C. B. P. 
76. Greater Lily with a purple Saffron-coloured flower, 
commonly called Orange Lily. 
4. Lilium ( Humile ) humile, foliis linearibus fparfis, 
corollis campanulatis eredtis, caule bulbifero. Dwarf 
Idly with narrow fparfed leaves, erelt bell-Jhaped flowers , 
and a fialk bearing bulbs. Liiium bulbiferurn minus. 
C. B. P. 77. Smaller bulb -bearing Lily , by florae called 
the fiery Lily. 
5- Lilium (. Pomponium ) foliis fparfis fubulatis, floribus 
reflexis, corollis revoltuis. Hort. Cliff 120. Lily with 
awl-f japed fparfed leaves end reflexed flowers, whofe pe- 
tals arc turned backward. Lilium rubrum anguftifo- 
liiim. C. B. P. 78. Narrow-leaved red Lily or Martagon. 
6 . Lilium ( Angufifolium ) foliis linearibus fparfis, pe- 
dunculis longifumis. Lily with narrow fparfed leaves , 
and very long foot-folks to the flowers. Lilium brevi 
& gramineo folio. C. B. P. 79. Lily with a Jhort Grafs 
leaf, commonly called Martagon of Pompony, 
7. Lilium ( Chalcedonicum ) foliis fparfis lanceolatis, flo- 
ribus reflexis, corollis revolutis. Hort. Cliff. 120. 
Lily with fparfed fpear-fbaped leaves , and reflexed flowers 
whofe petals turn backward. Lilium Byzantinum mi- 
niatum. C. B. P. 78. Lily oj Byzantium with a carmine 
flower, commonly called the fcarlet Martagon. 
8. Lilium ( Superbum ) foliis fparfis lanceolatis 1 , floribus 
pyramidatis reflexis, corollis revolutis. Lily with fpar- 
fed fpeW-Jhaped leaves , and pyramidal reflexed flowers , 
L I L 
whofe petals turn backward. Martagon multis & mag- 
nis floribus Iuteis alios fnperans. Suvert. Icon. PI. 57, 
The great yellow Martagon. 
9. Lilium ( Martagon ) foliis verticillatis, floribus re- 
flexis, corollis revolutis. Hort. Cliff. 120. Lily with 
leaves growing in whorls , and reflexed flowers whofe pe- 
tals turn backward. Lilium floribus reflexis monta- 
nurn. C. B. P.77. Mountain Lily with re flexed flowers, 
commonly called purple Martagon. 
10. Lilium ( Hirfutum ) foliis verticillatis hirflitis, flori- 
bus reflexis, corollis revolutis. Lily with hairy leaves 
growing in whorls , and rej Hexed flowers whofe petals turn 
backward. Lilium floribus reflexis alterum lanugine 
hiriutum. C. B. P. 718. Another Lily with, reflexed 
flowers which is hairy and downy, commonly called the red 
Martagon. 
11. Lilium ( Canadenfle ) foliis verticillatis, floribus re- 
flexis corollis campanulatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 303. Lily 
with leaves growing in whorls , and reflexed ' bell-JJjaped 
flowers. Lilium, fo. martagon Canadenfe rriactilatum. 
Mor. Hill. 2. p. 408. Lily , or Martagon of Canada with 
[potted flowers. 
12. Lilium ( Campfchatenfe ) foliis verticillatis, floribus 
ereftis, corollis campanulatis. Ameers. Acad. 2. p. 
34.8. Lily with leaves growing in whorls , and an erect 
bell-Jhaped flower. 
13. Lilium ( Philadelphicum ) foliis verticillatis brevibus, 
CGrollis campanulatis, unguibus petalorum anguMo- 
ribus, floribus ereftis. Icon. tab. 165. Lily with very 
Jhort leaves growing in whorls , and bell-Jhaped flowers 
whofe petals are very narrow at their bafe. 
There is a greater variety of Martagons* than are 
here mentioned, but as they are fuppofed to be only 
accidental arifing from culture, fo I thought it would 
be to little ptirpofe to infert them here •, therefore I 
ffiall only give their common titles hereafter. 
The common white Lily is fo well known as to need 
no defoription this grows naturally in Paleftine and 
Syria, but h,as been long cultivated in all the gardens 
of Europe. It is fo hardy that no froft ever injures 
the roots in England, and it propagates fo faff by off- 
fets from the roots, that it is become fo common as to 
be little regarded, though there is great beauty in the 
flowers, and they emit an agreeable odour. Of this 
fort there are the following varieties : 
The white Lily ftriped with purple. 
The white Lily with variegated leaves. 
The white Lily with double flowers. 
Thefe are varieties which have accidentally rifen 
from culture ; the fort with variegated flowers has not 
been in England much more than thirty-five years, 
but is now very common in moft of the gardens, and 
is by fomeperfons efteemed for the variety of its pur- 
ple ftripes ; but as the pure white of the flower is 
ftained by the purple, fo as to appear of a dull co- 
lour, therefore many prefer the common white Lily. 
The fort with variegated leaves is chiefly valued for 
its appearance in winter and fpring, for as the leaves 
come up early in the autumn, which fpread themfelves 
flat on the ground, and being finely edged with broad 
yellow ftripes, they make a pretty appearance during 
the winter and fpring months. The flowers are the 
fame as thofe of the common fort, but appear earlier 
in fummer, which may be occafioned by the roots be- 
ing weaker than thole of the plain fort, for all varie- 
gated plants are weaker than thofe which are plain. 
Thewdiite Lily with double flowers is lefs valuable 
than either of the other, becaufe their flowers never 
open well, unlefs they are covered with glaffes to 
fhelter them from the rain and dew, fo often rot with- 
out expanding. Thefe flowers have none of the agree- 
able odour Which the Angle fort is valued for, even 
when they open the faireft 5 for as by the multiplicity 
of petals in the flowers, the parts of generation are 
deftroyed, fo there is a want of the fecundating pow- 
der from whence the odour is font out. 
The roots, leaves, and .flowers of the common white 
Lily are ufed in medicine ^ the roots are frequently 
ufed to foften, ripen, and digeft tumours and hard 
fwellings. Matthiolus fays, that the diftilled water 
8 A of 
