L I L 
but it grows naturally in moft parts of North Ame- 
rica. The roots of this are oblong and large,' made 
up of fcales like the other forts j the ftalks rife from 
four to five feet high, garnifhed with oblong pointed 
leaves placed in whorls round the ftalk. The fiowers 
are produced toward the top of the fialk ; they are 
large, of a yellow colour, fpotted with black, which 
are fhaped like the flowers of the Orange Lily ; the 
petals of them are not turned backward fo much as 
thole of the other forts of Martagon. This flowers 
the beginning of Auguft, and when the roots are 
large, the ftalks have a good number of fiowers, fo 
make a fine appearance. There are two varieties of 
this, one with larger and deeper coloured fiowers 
than the other, but they are fuppofed to have acci- 
dentally come from feeds. 
The twelfth fort grows naturally in North America, 
and is alfo mentioned to grow at Camplchatfki. This 
hath eredt flowers fhaped like thole of the Canada 
Martagon, but the petals of this are oval, not nar- 
rowed at their bafe as are thofe, and fit clofe to the 
foot-ftalk ; the fiowers are of a deeper colour, and 
not fo much fpotted as the other fort. It fiowers in 
July, and the Italics decay in the autumn. 
This for t is at prefent rare in England, being in very 
few gardens. It was fent me a few years ago from Ma- 
ryland, but after it had flowered the root perifhed. 
The thirteenth fort was fent me from Penfylvania by 
Mr. John Bartram, who found it growing naturally in 
that country. The root of this is fmaller than thofe 
of the other forts ; it is fo aly and white , in the lpring 
it fends out one upright ftalk near a foot and a half ' 
high the leaves come out in whorls round the ftalks, 
at diftances •, they are Ihort, pretty broad, and have 
obtufe points. The ftalk is terminated by two flowers 
which ftand eredt, upon Ihort feparate foot-ftalks ; 
they are fhaped like the flowers of the bulb-bearing 
fiery Lily, but the petals are narrower at their bafe, fo 
that there are fpaces between each, but upward they 
enlarge and join, forming a fort of open bell-fhaped 
flower •, their petals are fpear-lhaped, fo are con- 
tradled at the top, where they terminate in acute points. 
The flowers are of a bright purple colour, marked 
with feveral dark purple fpots toward their bafe. In 
the center of the flower is fituated a fix- cornered ger- 
men, fupporting a ftrong ftyle, crowned by a three- 
cornered ftigma *, round this are fituated fix awl- 
Ihaped ftamina, terminated by oblong proftrate fum- 
mits •, thefe are a little fhorter than the ftyle. The 
germen afterward turns to an oblong capfule with 
three angles, blunt at the top, divided into three 
cells, filled with flat feeds lying over each other. It 
fiowers in July, and the feeds ripen the latter end of 
September. 
This fort is at prefent very rare in the Englifli gar- 
dens, but as it has ripened feeds the laft feafon here, 
fo it may in a few years become very common. As 
this fort grows in a fmail compafs, and the flowers 
have no ill fcent, it is proper furniture for the bor- 
ders of fmail gardens. The ftalks of this decay foon 
after the feeds are ripe, when it will be a proper time 
to remove the roots, for thefe do not put out new 
fibres till after Chriftmas. The roots of this kind 
do not put out many offsets, fo that unlefs it is 
propagated by feeds, it cannot be increafed in any 
plenty. 
All the forts of Martagon may be propagated by 
offsets from the roots, in the fame way as the com- 
mon Lily, which fome of the forts produce in as great 
plenty •, but there are others which fend out very few 
offsets, which occafion their prefent fcarcity. The 
roots of all the forts of Martagon may be fafely taken 
up when their ftalks decay •, and if there is a neceflity 
for keeping the roots out of the ground, if they are 
wrapped in dry Mofs, they will keep perfedlly well for 
two months fo that if the roots are to be tranfported 
to a cliftant place, this precaution of wrapping them 
up is neceffary ^ but where they are to be planted in 
the fame garden, there will be no occafion for this, 
elpecially if they are not kept too long out of the 
L I L 
■ ground ; for if the place is ready to receive the foots, 
they fhould be planted the beginning of G&ober •, fo 
if the roots are put in a dry cool place, they 'will keep 
very good without any further care % but if the ground 
is not ready to receive them till later in the year, then 
it will be proper to -cover the roots with dry faftd, or 
wrap them In Mofs to exclude the air, which, if tfiey 
are much expofcd to, will caufe their fcales to fh rink, 
which weakens the roots, often caufing a mouldinefs, 
and is fo met hues the occafion of their rotting. 
Thefe roots fnould be planted five or fix inches deep 
in the ground, especially if the foil is light and dry p 
but where the ground is rnoift, it will be proper to 
raife the borders in which thefe are to be planted, five 
or fix inches above the level of the furface of the 
ground •, for if the water rifes fo high in winter as to 
come near the roots, it will caufe them to rot •, and 
where the foil is naturally Itiff and fubject to bind, 
there fhould be a good quantity of fea-coal aihes or 
rough fand, well mixed in the border, to feparate the 
parts, and prevent the ground from binding in the 
fpring, otherwife the roots will not fend, up very 
ftrong ftalks, nor will they make fo-good iticreafe. 
As the Canada Martagon, the Martagon of Pompony, 
and the laft fort, are fornewhat tenderer than the 
others, fo if in very fevere winters the furface of the 
ground over them is covered with old tanners bark or 
fea-coal allies, it will be a good way to fecure them 
from being injured by the froft; and in the fpring 
the covering may be removed, before the roots Shoot 
up their ftalks. 
The tall growing forts of thefe are only proper for 
large gardens, fo they may be- intermixed with the 
white and Orange Lilies, the tall growing Irifes, and 
other fiowers of the fame growth j where, if they are 
not too much crowded, and are properly difpofed, they 
will make a good appearance ; and as they flower one 
after another, fo they may be difpofed according to 
their feafons of flowering. There are fome of the 
common Martagons hardy enough to thrive under the 
Ihade of trees, fo they may be difpofed in wildemefs 
quarters, with the common fort of Lilies, where they 
will have a good effeft. 
The roots of all thefe kinds muff never be tranf- 
planted after they have made any fhoots, for that will 
fo much weaken them (if it does not entirely kill 
them) as not to be recovered in lefs than two or three 
years, as I have experienced to my cofi: •, for being 
obliged to remove a fine collection of thefe roots early 
in the fpring, I loft a great part of them, and the 
others were long recovering their ftrength. 
All the forts of Lilies and Martagons may be propa- 
gated by fowing their feeds, by which method fome 
new varieties may be obtained, provided the feeds 
are faved from the beft forts ; efpecially the Marta- 
gons, which are more inclinable to vary than the 
other Lilies. The manner of fowing them is as 
follows : 
You mult be provided with fome fquare boxes about 
fix inches deep, which fhould have holes bored in their 
bottoms to let the wet pafs off : thefe boxes fhould be 
filled with frefh light fandy earth, and in the begin- 
ning of October, foon after the feeds are ripe, you 
muft fow them thereon pretty thick, covering them 
over with light fifted earth about half |3n inch , then 
place the boxes where they may have the morning 
fun only, obferving if the feafon fhould prove dry, to 
refrefh them often with water, as alfo to pull out all 
weeds which may be produced. In this fituation the 
boxes fhould remain until the beginning of November, 
when you muft remove them where they may have as 
much fun as poflible, as alfo be fcreened from the 
cold north and eaft winds during the winter feafon ; 
but in the fpring of the year, about the beginning 
of April, you muft remove the boxes into their for- 
mer pofition ; for now the young plants will appear 
above ground, which are impatient of too much 
heats befides, the earth in the boxes will dry too 
faft at this feafon, if expofed to the full fun at noon. 
You muft alfo obferve at fffis feafon to keep them 
■ entirely 
■» 
t 
