On this bed, or floor pf tin, the Hops may be 
turned without fiich hazard or lofs, as upon the 
hair-cloth : and alfo it will require a lei's expence of 
fuel, and, befides, any fort of fuel will ferve in this 
kiln, as well as charcoal, becaufe the fmoke does 
not pals through the Hops as it does the former Ways; 
but then care is to be taken, that there be paflages 
made for it at the feveral corners and fides of the kiln. 
It is found by experience, that the turning of Hops, 
though it be after the moft eafy and belt manner, is 
not only an injury and v/afte to the Hops, but alfo an 
expence of fuel and time, becaufe they require as 
much fuel, and as long a time, to dry a imaii quan- 
tity, by turning them, as a large one. 
Now, this may be prevented, by having a cover (to 
be let down and railed at pleafure) to the upper bed 
whereon the Hops lie. 
This cover may alfo be tinned, by nailing Angle tin 
plates over the face of if, fo that when the Flops be- 
gin to dry, and are ready to burn, i. e. when the 
greateft part of their moifture is evaporated, then the 
cover may be let down within a foot, or Id’s, of the 
Hops (like a reverbatory) and will refledt the heat 
upon them, fo that the top will foon be as dry as 
the lowermoft, and every Hop be equally dried. 
As foon as the Hops are taken off the kiln, lay them 
in a room for three weeks or a month to cool, give, 
and toughen •, for if they are bagged immediately, 
they will powder, but if they lie a while (and the 
longer they lie the better, provided they be covered 
dole with blankets to fecure them from the air,) they 
may be bagged with more fafety, as not being liable 
to be broken to powder in treading, and this will 
make them bear treading the better, and the harder 
they are trodden, the better they will keep. 
The common method of bagging is as follows ; they 
have a hole made in an upper floor, either round or 
fquare, large enough to receive a Hop-bag (which 
confifts of four ells and a half of ell-wide cloth, and 
alfo contains ordinarily two hundred and a half of 
Hops) they tie a handful of Hops in each lower cor- 
ner of the bag, to ferve as handles to it, and they 
fallen the mouth of the hole, fo placed that the hoop 
may reft upon the edges of the hole. 
Then he that is to tread the Hops down into the bag, 
treads the Hops on every fide, another perfon conti- 
nually putting them in as he treads them, till the 
bag is full, which being well filled and trodden, they 
unrip the fattening; of the bag to the hoops, and let it 
down, and clofe up the mouth of the bag, tying up 
a handful of Hops in each corner of the mouth, as 
was done in the lower part. 
Flops being thus packed, if they have been well 
dried, and laid up in a dry place, they will keep good 
feveral years •, but care muft be taken, that they be 
neither deftroyed nor fpoiled by the mice making 
their nefts in them. 
The crop of Flops being thus bellowed, you are to 
provide for another, firil by taking care of the poles 
againft another year, which are bell to be laid up in a 
Jfhed, having firft ftripped off the haulm from them ; 
but if you have not that conveniency, fet up three 
poles in the form of a triangle, or fix poles (as you 
pleafe) wide at the bottom, and having fet them into 
the ground, with an iron pitcher, and bound them to- 
gether at top, fet the reft of your poles about them ; 
and being thus difpofed, none but thofe on the outfide 
will be fubjedt to the injuries of the weather, for all 
the inner poles will be kept dry, unlefs at the top ; 
whereas, if they were on the ground, they would re- 
ceive more damage in a fortnight, than by their Hand- 
ing all the reft of the year. 
In the winter time provide your foil and manure for 
the Hop-ground againft the following fpring. 
If the dung be rotten, mix it with two or three parts 
of common earth, and let it incorporate together till 
you have occafion to make ufe of it in making your 
Hop-hills *, but if it be new dung, then let it be mixed 
as before, till the fpring come twelvemonths, for new 
dung is very injurious to Hops. 
L Y G 
Dung of all forts was formerly more commonly made 
ufe of than now it is, efpecially when rotted, and 
turned to mould, and they who have no other ma- 
nure muft ufe it ; which, if they do, cows or hogs 
dung, or human ordure mixed with mud, may be 
a proper compoft, becaufe Flops delight moil in a 
■ manure that is cool and moift. 
Some recommend chalk, or lime, as the beft ma- 
nure, except in cold lands, and in fuch, pigeons dung 
will do beft •, a little of which laid to a Hill, Find fo 
mixed, that it may not be too hot in a place, is of 
great advantage. 
LUTEOL A. See Reseda. 
L Y OH N I D E A. See Phlox. 
LYCHNIS. Tourn. Irift. R. H. 333. tab. 175, 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 517. [fo called of A •Ifiy© 3 *, a candle, 
or light, becaufe the flowers of this plant imitate the 
flame or rays of light.] Campion. 
The Characters are, 
'The flower has a permanent flivollen empalement of one 
leaf, indented in five parts at the top. It hath five pe- 
tals , whofe tails are the length of tbs empalement , their 
upper part plain , broad , and frequently cleft in laminae. 
It hath ten Jlamina which are longer than the empale - 
' raent, alternately tanged, and fafiened to the tails of the 
petals , terminated by profir ate fummits. In the center is 
fituated an aim oft oval germcn , fupporMng five awl-floaped 
ftyles , crowned by reflexed hairy ftigma's. The empale- 
ment afterward becomes an oval cap file with one cell , 
opening with five valves , filled with round! fo feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fifth fedtion of 
Linnaeus’s tenth dais, intitled Decandria Pentagy- 
nia, which includes thofe plants whofe flowers have 
ten ftarninh and live ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Lychnis (Chalcedonica) fioribus fafciculatis faftigia- 
atis. Hort. Cliff. 1 74. Campion with flowers gathered 
into a pyramid. Lychnis hirfuta, flore coccineo, ma- 
jor. C. B. P. 203. Greater hairy Campion with a fear- 
let flower. 
2. Lychnis ( Vifcaria ) petalis integris. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
436. Campion with entire petals. Lychnis fylveilris 
vifeofa, rubra, anguftifolia. C. B. P. 205. Wild 
vifeous Lychnis with a red flower and narrow leaves , 
commonly called the Single Caichfiy. 
3. Lychnis (Diced) floribuS dicecis. Hort. Cliff. 171. 
'Campion with male and female flowers on different 
plants. Lychnis fylveilris, five aquatica purpurea, 
fimplex. C. B. P. 204. Wood or aquatic Lychnis 
with a Jingle purple flower , frequently called Bachelors 
Button. 
4. Lychnis ‘ (Alba) fioribus dicecis, calycibus infiatis 
hirfutis. Campion with male and female flowers grow- 
ing on different plants , and fwollen hairy empalement s. 
Lychnis fylveilris, alba, fimplex. C. B. P. 204. 
Wild campion with a Jingle white flower. 
5. Lychnis (Flofcuculi) petalis quadrifidis, frudlu fub- 
rotundo. Hort. Cliff. 174. Campion with quadrifid 
petals , and a roundijh fruit. Lychnis pratenfis flore 
laciniato fimplici. Mor. Hift. 2. p. 537. Meadow 
Campion with a fingle jagged flower , commonly called 
Ragged Robin. 
6. Lychnis (Alpina) petalis bifidis corymbofis. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 436. Campion with bifid petals, and flowers 
growing in a coryfnbus. Silene fioribus in capitulum 
congeftis. Haller. Flelv. 376. Lychnis with flowers 
colleAcd in a head. 
7. Lychnis (Siberica) petalis bifidis, caule dichotomo, 
foliis fubhirtis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 437. Campion with 
bifid petals, a ftalk divided by pairs , and leaves which 
are flomewhat hairy. 
8. Lychnis (Lujitanica) caule eredlo, calycibus ftriatis 
acutis, petalis diffedtis. Plat. 170. Campion with -an 
ere A ftalk, ftriped acute empalement s, and petals cut into 
many parts. 
9. Lychnis (Apetala) calyce inflate, corolla calyce bre~ 
viore, caule fubunifloro, Lin. Sp. Plant. 437. Cam- 
pion with a fwollen empalement, the petals of the flower 
fhorter than the cup, and Jialks having chiefly one 
flower . Lychnis fylveilris alba, calyce amplo vefi- 
8 H carip 
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