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% 
•putn'ila qua potius frutex quani arbor. C. B. P. '433- 
Dwarf Apple , which is rather a JJrruh than a tree , com- 
monly called Paradife Apple. 
Of the hr ft fort there are two varieties of fruit, one 
is white, and the other purple toward the fun, but 
thefe are accidental variations. There is alfo a vari- 
ety of this with variegated leaves, which has been pro- 
pagated in fome of the nurferies near London ; but 
when the trees grow vigorous, their leaves foon be- 
come plain,' 
The fecond fort grows naturally in mod parts of 
North America, where the inhabitants plant them for 
docks to graft other forts of Apples upon ; the leaves 
of this are longer and narrower than any of the other 
forts, and are cut into two acute angles on their fides. 
The dowers of this have a fragrant odour, which 
perfumes the American woods at the time they appear. 
The third fort is undoubtedly a diftind fpecies from 
all the others, for it never rifes to any height ; the 
branches are weak, fcarce able to fupport themfelves, 
and this difference is permanent when raifcd from 
feeds. 
I have not diftinguilhed the Apples from the Crab, 
as diftind fpecies, though I have never feen any Ap- 
ples produced from the feeds of Crabs. I fhall next 
mention a few of thofe forts of Apples which have 
been introduced from France, which were mod of 
them grafted on Paradife docks, fo were for fome 
time much edeemed, and fhall mention thofe of our 
own growth afterward. 
There 1 is alfo a fort of Apple, called the Fig Apple, 
which is common to England and North America, 
but the fruit is not greatly edeemed ; however, as 
fome perfons are fond of variety, fo 1 have men- 
tioned it. 
Pomme de Rambour. The Rambour is a very large 
fruit, of a fine red next the fun, and driped with a 
pale or yellowifh green. This ripens very early, com- 
monly about the end of Augud, and foon grows 
roeally, therefore is not edeemed in England. 
Pomme de Courpendu, the hanging body. This is a 
very large Apple, of an oblong figure, having fome 
irregular rifing or angles, which run from the bale 
to the crown •, it is of a red cad on the fide toward 
the fun, but pale on the other fide •, the foot-dalk is 
loner and fiender, fo that the fruit is always hanging 
downward, which occafioned the French gardeners to 
give it this name. 
The Rennette-blanche, or White Renette, or french 
Rennette. This is a large fine fruit, of a round idi fi- 
gure, and of a pale green, changing a little yellowifh 
when ripe, having lome fmall gray fpots •, the juice 
is fugary, and it is good for eating or baking j it will 
keep till after Chridmas found. . 
The Rennette-grife. This is 3 middle iizcd fruit 5 
fhaped like the Golden Rennette, but is of a deep 
may colour on the fide next the fun, but on the other 
fide intermixed with yellow •, it is a very juicy good 
Apple, of a quick flavour. It ripens in Ohtober, and 
will not keep long. . 
Pomme d’Api. This is a fmall hard fruit, of a bright 
purple colour on the fide next the fun, and Ox a yel- 
lowiili oreen on the other fide •, it is a veiy fiim fiuit, 
but hath not much flavour, fo is only preferved by 
fome perfons byway of curiofity. It keeps along 
time found, and makes a variety in a difh or fluff 
Le Calville d’Automne, the Autumn CaJville. This 
is a lame fruit of an oblong figure, of a fine red co- 
lour toward the fun. The juice is vinous, and much 
edeemed by the French. 
Penouillat ou Pomme d’Anis, the Fennel, or Anne 
Apple. This is a middle fized fruit, a little longer 
than a Golden Pippin, of a grayifh colour. The pulp 
is tender, and has a fpicy tafte like Amie- feed s the 
wood and the leaves are whitifh. . _ 
Pomme Violette, the Violet Apple. This is a pretty 
large fruit, of a pale green, driped with deep red to 
the fun. The juice is fugary, and has a flavour or 
Violets, which occafioned the name. 
The Crab, which is the fird fort here mentioned, has 
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been generally edeemed as the bed dock for grafting 
Apples upon, being very hardy, and of long dura- 
tion •, but of late years there have been few perfons 
who have been curious enough to raiie thefe docks, 
having commonly fown the kernels of all forts of cy- 
der Apples for docks without diftindion, as thefe are 
much eafier to procure than the other , fo the garden- 
ers generally call all thofe Crabs, which are produced 
from the kernels of any fort of Apple which has not 
been grafted •, but were the kernels of the Crabs 
fown, I fhould prefer thofe for docks, becaufe they 
are never fo luxuriant in their grow/th as thofe from 
Apple kernels, and they will continue longer found ; 
belide, thefe will preferve fome of the bed fort of 
Apples in their true fize, colour, and flavour ; whereas 
the other free docks produce larger fruit, which are 
not fo well taded, nor will they keep fo long. 
The Paradife Apple for fome years pad was greatly 
edeemed for docks, to graft or bud the other forts 
upon •, but thefe are not of long duration, nor will the 
trees grafted upon them ever grow to any fize, unlefs 
they are planted fo low as that the cion may drike 
root into the ground, when it will be equal to no 
dock ; for as the graft will draw its nourifhrnent from 
the ground, fo the docks will become ufelefs after •, 
therefore it is only by way of curiofity, or for very 
fmall gardens, that thefe docks are proper, fince there 
can never be expected any confiderable quantity of 
fruit from fuch trees. 
Thefe trees have been much more edeemed in France, 
where they were frequently brought to the table in 
the pots, growing with their fruit upon them •, but this 
being only a curiofity, it never obtained much in Eng- 
land, fo that the gardeners do not propagate many of 
them here at p relent. 
There is another Apple, which is called the Dutch Pa- 
radile Apple, much cultivated in the nurferies for 
grafting Apples upon, in order to have them dwarfs ; 
and thefe will not decay or canker as the other, nor 
do they dint the grafts near fo much, fo are generally 
preferred for planting efpaliers or dwarfs, being 
eafily kept within the compafs ufually allotted to 
thefe trees. 
Some perfons have alfo made ufe of the Codlin docks 
to graft Apples upon, in order to make them dwarf ; 
but the fruit which are produced on fuch trees are not 
fo firm, nor do they lad near fo long as thofe upon 
Crab docks ; therefore the winter fruits fhould never 
be grafted upon them. 
The Virginian Crab-tree with fweet flowers, is often 
preferved by fuch perfons as are curious in collecting 
great variety of trees ; it may be propagated by bud- 
ding or grafting it upon the common Crab or Apple- 
tree, but it is fomewhat tender while young ; where- 
fore it fhould be planted in a warm fituation, other- 
wile it will be fubjed to differ by an extreme hard 
winter. The flowers of this tree are faid to be ex- 
ceeding fweet in Virginia, where it grows in the 
woods in great plenty •, but I could not obferve much 
fcent in fome of them which have flowered in England, 
fo that I am in doubt whether the fort at prelent in 
the gardens is the very fame with that of Virginia ; or 
perhaps it may have degenerated by lowing the feeds, 
which is the way it was fird obtained in England. 
The Fig Apple is fuppofed by many perfons to be 
produced without a previous flower. But this opinion, 
is rejeded by more curious obfervers, who affirm, 
there is a fmall flower precedes the fruit, which is very 
fugacious, feldom continuing above a day or two. 
Now, which of thefe opinions is the right, I have not, 
as yet, had an opportunity to determine, not having 
a tree in my own poffeffion which is arrived at matu- 
rity to produce fruit ; though it might reafonably be 
expeded, that fuch who have had trees of this kind 
feveral years, might have determined this point long 
before this time. 
I remember an account of a tree of this kind, men- 
tioned in a letter from New England, written by Paul 
Dudley, Efq-, to the Royal Society, and publifhed in 
the Philofophical Tranfadions, N° 385 . which wa$ 
exceeding 
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