forts of Mulberries ; the leaves of this are fomewhat 
like thofe of the common Mulberry-tree, but are 
rougher. 
O # 
This tree has not been propagated yet in this country, 
for though it has been buckled and grafted upon both 
the black and white Mulberries, yet I cannot hear 
.that it hath lucceeded upon either, fo that I fufpeft 
it is not of this genus ; and the tree being pretty tall, 
cannot be laid down, which is the moft likely me- 
thod to propagate it. This is very hardy, and will 
endure the cold of our climate in the open air very 
well, and is coveted as a curiofity by fuch as delight 
in a variety of trees and fhrubs. 
The fifth fort is the tree whofe wood is ufed by the 
dyers, and is better known by the title of Fuftick, 
which is given to the wood, than by its fruit, which 
is of no eftimation. This grows naturally in moft of 
the iflands in the Weft-Indies, but in much greater 
plenty at Campeachy, where it abounds greatly. This 
wood is one of the commodities exported from Ja- 
maica, where it grows in greater plenty than in any 
other of the Britifh iflands. 
This tree in the countries where it grows naturally, 
rifes to the height of fixty feet or upward ; it has a 
light brown bark, which hath fome fhallow furrows ; 
the wood is firm, folid, and of a bright yellow colour. 
It fends out many branches on every fide, covered 
with a white bark, and are garnifned with leaves 
about four inches long, which are broad at thtair bafe, 
indented at the foot-ftalk, where they are rounded, 
but one fide is broader than the other, fo that they 
are oblique to the foot-ftalk •, thefe diminifh gradu- 
ally, and end in acute points ; they are rough like 
thole of the common Mulberry, of a dark green, and 
ftand upon fhort foot-ftalks. Toward the end of the 
young branches come out fhort katkins of a pale her- 
baceous colour, and in other parts of the fame 
branches the fruit is produced, growing upon fhort 
foot-ftalks ; they are as large as nutmegs, of a 
roundifh form, full of protuberances like the com- 
mon Mulberry, green within, and alio on the outfide, 
of a lufcious l'weet tafte when ripe. 
It is too tender to thrive in this country, unlefs pre- 
ferved in a warm ftove. There are feveral of the 
plants now growing in the Chelfea garden, which 
were raifed from feeds fent from Jamaica, by Wil- 
liam Williams, Efq; with many other curious forts, 
which are natives of that ifland. The feeds of this 
plant Come up freely on a hot-bed, and when the 
plants are fit to remove, they fhould be each planted 
in a feparate fmall pot filled with frefh light earth, 
and plunged into a hot-bed of tanners bark, and 
iliaded from the fun till they have taken new root ; 
then they fhould be treated in the fame way as other 
plants from thofe hot countries, always keeping them 
in the tan-bed in the ftove, where they will make 
good progrefs. Thefe plants retain their leaves great 
part of the year in the ftove. 
The fixth fort grows naturally in China and Japan •, 
it alfo grows naturally in South Carolina, from 
whence I have received the feeds ; the inhabitants 
of Japan make paper of the bark •, they cultivate 
the trees for that purpofe on the hills and moun- 
tains, much after the fame manner as Ofiers are cul- 
tivated here, cutting down the young fhoots in au- 
tumn for their bark. There were feveral of thefe 
trees raifed from feeds a few years paft, in the gardens 
of his Grace the Duke of Northumberland, who was 
fo good as to favour me with one of the plants, which 
thrives very well in the open air without any flicker, 
as many of the trees and plants of thofe countries will 
do, if they grow on the mountains. This plant makes 
very ftrong vigorous fhoots, but feems not to be of 
tall growth, for it fends out many lateral branches 
from the root upward. The leaves are large, fome 
of them are entire, others are deeply cut into three, 
and fome into five lobes, efpecially while the trees 
are young, dividing in form of a hand ; they are of 
a dark green, and rough to the touch, but of a pale 
green, and fojrnewhat hairy on their under fide, falling 
off on the fir ft approach of froft in autumn, & s do 
thofe of the common Mulberry. T he ddcription w hich 
i Kasrnpfer gives of the fruit is, that they are a little 
larger than Peas, furrounded with long purple -hairs, 
are compofed of acini, or protuberances, and when 
ripe, change to a black purple colour, and are full cf 
fweet juice. 
This tree may be propagated by laying down the 
branches, in the fame way as is pra&iled for the com- 
mon Mulberry ; or it may be multiplied by planting 
the cuttings, in the fame manner as before directed 
for the common fort. 
The feventh fort grows naturally in India, where it 
becomes a large tree. It hath loft, thick, yeliowilh 
bark, with a milky juice like the Pig, which -is 
aftringent. The branches comeout oneveryfide, which 
are garnifhed with oblong oval leaves, ftanding up- 
on fhort foot-ftalks ; both hides of thefe leave's are 
equal, but their edges are unequally hawed ; they 
are rough, of a dark green on their upper fide, but 
pale on their under, ftanding alternately on the 
branches. The flowers come out in round heads at 
the foot-ftalks of the leaves, on each fide the branches; 
they are of an herbaceous white colour; the male 
flowers have fourftamina; the female flowers are hue- 
ceeded by roundifh fruit, which are firft green, after- 
wards white, and when ripe turn to a dark red colour. 
I received the feeds of this plant from Bombay, which 
fucceeded in the Chelfea garden. The plants are too 
tender to live out of a ftove in this country ; for as I 
raifed a good number of the plants, fo when they had 
obtained ftrength, I placed fome of them in different 
fituations, where they were defended from the froft, 
but not any of them furvived the winter, but thole 
which were in the bark-ftove, where they are con- 
ftantly kept, and treated in the fame manner as other 
tender plants, giving them but little water in winter, 
with which management the plants thrive, and retain 
their leaves all the year. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and alfo 
in the Bahama Iflands, from both which places I have 
received the feeds. The wood of this tree is cut, and 
fold for the fame ufes as the fifth, from which this 
tree has not been well diftinguiflietf by the botanifts : 
this does not grow to fo great a fize as the fifth ; the 
branches are {tenderer, the leaves are narrower, and 
are rounded at their bafe, fawed on their edges, and 
end in acute points. At the foot-ftalk of each 
leaf comes out two fharp thorns, which, in the older 
branches grow to the length of two inches. The fruit 
is fhaped like that of the fifth fort, but is fm after. 
M O S C FI A T E L L I N A. See Adoxa. 
MOSS. See Muscus. 
MOTHERWORT. See Cardiaca. 
MOULD, or earth, the goodnefs of which may be 
known by the fight, fmell, and touch. 
Firft, by the fight : thofe Moulds that are of a bright 
Cheftnut, or hazelly colour, are counted the beft ; of 
this colour are the beft loams, and alfo the beft natu- 
ral earth, and this will be the better yet, if it cuts 
like butter, and does not flick obftinateiy, but is 
fhort, tolerably light, breaking into fmall ciods, is 
fweet, will be tempered without crufting or chapping, 
in dry weather, or turning to mortar in wet. 
The next to that, the d.ark gray and ruffet Moulds 
are accounted the beft, the light and dark Afh-colour 
are reckoned the word,' fuch as are uftially found on 
common, or heathy ground ; the dear tawny is by no 
means to be approved, but that of a yeliowifh red co- 
lour is accounted the wo r ft of all ; this is commonly 
found in wild and wafte parts of the country, and for 
the moft part produce nothing but Furz and Fern, 
according as their bottoms are more or Ids of a light 
and fandy, or of a fpewy gravel, or clayey nature. 
Secondly, by the fmell : all lands that are good 
and wholefome, will, after rain, or breaking up by 
the fpade, emit a good fmell. 
Thirdly, by the touch : by this means we may dis- 
cover whether it confifts offubftances entirely arena- 
ceous, or clammy ; or, according as it is exprefied by 
Mr. 
