O N O 
OMP HAL ODES. See Cyncglossum. 
ON AGRA. See CEnothera. 
ONIONS. See Cepa. 
ONOBR YCHIS. See Hsdysari/m. 
ONONIS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 772. Anonis. Tourn. 
Inft. R. H. 408. tab. 229. Reft-harrow, Cammock, 
Pettywin ; in French, Arrete-beuf. 
The Characters are, 
The empalement of the flower is cut into five narrow feg- 
ments , which end in acute points, the upper being a little 
reified and arched , the lower bending under the keel. The 
flower is of the butterfly kind. The fiandard is heart- 
Jhaped , deprejfed on the fid.es, and larger than the wings. 
The wings are oval and floort ; the keel is pointed, and 
longer than the wings. It hath ten f cantina joined together , 
terminated by Jingle fiimmits, and an oblong hairy germen, 
fiupporting a Jingle ftyle , crowned by an obtufie ftigma. 
The germen afiterward becomes a turgid pod with one cell, 
inclofing kidney-Jhaped fieeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion 
of Linnaeus’s feventeenth clafs, which includes thole 
plants whofe flowers have ten (lamina joined in two 
bodies. 
The Species are, 
1. Ononis ( Spinofa ) floribus fubfeflilibus, folitariis la- 
teralibus, caule fpinoio. Hort. Cliff. 389. Reft-har- 
row with. Jingle flowers flitting clofe to the files of the 
branches, and a prickly fialk. Anonis fpinofa flare pur- 
pureo. C. B. P. 389. Prickly Reft-harrow with a pur- 
ple flower , fometimes called Cammock, or Petty -win , and 
in flame countries, French Furze. 
2. Ononis (Mitis) floribus fubfeflilibus folitariis latera- 
libus, ramis inermibus. Hort. Cliff. 359. Reft-harrow 
with Jingle flowers fitting clofe to the ftalks , and 
branches without fipines. Anonis fpinis carens pur- 
purea. C. B. P. 389. Purpce Reft-harrow having no 
' fipines. 
3. Ononis ( Repens ) caulibus diffufis, ramis eredtis, fo- 
lds fuperioribus folitariis flipulis ovatis. Lin. Sp. 
1006. Reft-harrow with dijfiufed ftalks, which are erect, 
the upper leaves Jingle , and oval ftipul<e. Anonis mari- 
tima procumbens, foliis hirfutis pubefeentibus. Pluk. 
Aim. 33. Trailing maritime Reft-harrow with hairy 
leaves. 
4. Ononis ( Trident at a ) foliis ternatis carnofis fublinea- 
ribus tridentatis, fruticofa pedunculis bifloris. Lin. Sp 
Plant. 718. Shrubby Reft-harrow, with trifoliate flefloy 
leaves which are narrow , and have three indentures. 
Anonis Hifpanica, frutefeens, folio tridentato carno- 
fo. Tourn. Inft. 408. Shrubby Spanijh Reft-harrow with 
a fleftoy leaf, having three indentures . 
5. Ononis ( Fruticofa ) fruticofa floribus paniculatis, pe- 
dunculis fubtrifioris, flipulis vaginalibus, foliis ter- 
natis lanceolatis ferratis. Hort. Cliff. 358. Reft-har- 
row with paniculated flowers growing three upon afoot- 
ftalk, Jheath-like ft.pula, and trifoliate leaves. Anonis 
purpurea verna prtecox frutefeens, flore rubro amplo. 
Mor. Hift. 2. p. 170. Early ftpring, purple, fihrubby Reft- 
harrow, with a large red flower. 
6 . Ononis (Natrix ) pedunculis unifloris ariftatis foliis 
terminatis ovatis, ftipulis integerrimis., Hort. Cliff. 
358. Reft-harrow with one flower on a foot -fialk ter- 
minated by a thread, and oval trifoliate leaves. Anonis 
vifeofa fpinis carens lutea major. C. B. P. 389. Glu- 
tinous Reft-harrow without fipines , having a large yellow 
flower. 
7. Ononis ( Vifeofa ) pedunculis unifloris ariftatis, foliis 
fimplicibus infimis ternatis. Lin. Sp. 1009. Reft-har- 
row with one flower on each foot-ftalk terminated by a 
thread , whofe lower leaves are trifoliate. Anonis annua 
eredtior, latifolia gl.utinofa Lufitanica. Tourn. Inft. 
409. Annual broad-leaved, glutinous , ere A Reft-harrow 
of Portugal. 
8. Ononis (. MinutiJJima ) floribus fubfeflilibus iateralibus, 
foliis ternatis glabris, ftipulis fetaceis, calycibus arif- 
tis corolla longioribus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1007. Reft- 
harrow with flowers fitting clofe to the files of the ftalks, 
trifoliate leaves, briftly ftipula, and the beard of the ca- 
lyx longer than the corolla. Anonis Acre luteo parve. 
H. Rv fSjfr. Reft-harrow with a /mail yellow flower. 
9. Ononis ( Criftata ) pedunculis unifloris prselongis, 
ramis inermibus, foliis ternatis glabris, vagimis acute 
den tads. Reft-harrow with one flower growing on a long 
foot-ftalk , branches without fipines , fmootb trifoliate 
leaves , and Jheaths which are Jharply indented . Anonis 
glabra inermis, pedunculis unifloris praelongis vagin is 
criftatis. AlHon. Smooth Reft-harrow without fipines , 
having one flower on a long foot-ftalk , with a crefted 
fiheath. 
10. Ononis ( Ornithopodoides ) pedunculis bifloris arifta- 
tis, leguminibus linearibus cernuis. Prod. Leyd„ 
376. Reft harrow with two flowers on a foot-ftalk ter- 
minated by a thread , and narrow nodding pods. Ano- 
nis filiquis ornithopodii. Boerh. Ind. ait, 2. 34. Reft- 
harrow with pods like thofie of the BirTs-foot. 
11. Ononis ( Rotundifclia ) fruticofa pedunculis trifloris, 
calycibus tnphyllo-braciatis foliis ternatis fubrotunr- 
dis. Hort. Cliff. 358. Reft-harrow with foot-ftalks 
proceeding from the Jids of the branches , fuftaining three 
flowers, and trifoliate rcundijh leaves. Cicer lylveftre 
latifolium triphyilurri. C. B. P. 347. Broad three - 
leaved wild Chich. 
12. Ononis (. Mitijjjima ) floribus feffiiibtis fpicatis, brac- 
teis ftipularibus, ovatis ventrieofis fcanofis imbrica- 
tis. Lin. Sp. 1007. Reft-harrow with fipiked flowers fit- 
ting elefie, and oval ftipula to the flowers. Anonis alo- 
pecuroldes, mitis annua purpurafeens. Hort. Elth. 
28. tab. 24. Smooth, annual , purplijh , Fox-tail Reft - 
harrow. 
13. Ononis ( Alcpecurc'ides ) fpicis foliofis fimplicibus 
ovatis obtufis ftipulis dilatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1008. 
Reft-harrow with leafy fpikes , and Jingle cbtufe leaves . 
Anonis flcula alopecuroi’des. Tourn. Inft. 408. Fox? 
tail Reft-harrow of Sicily. 
14. Ononis' (Aitit) foliis ternatis ovatis, petiolis longiffi- 
mis, leguminibus hirfutis. Reft-harrow with oval tri- 
foliate leaves growing on very long foot-ftalks , and hairy 
' pods. Anonis Americana, folio latiori fubrotundo. 
Tourn. Inft. R. Id. 409. American Reji-harrow with ot 
broader roundijh leaf. 
1 5. Ononis {Decumbent) foliis ternatis lineari-lanceola- 
tis, caule decurnbente, floribus fpica. is alari, bus, le- 
guminibus glabris. Reft-harrow 1 , with trifoliate, narrow , 
fpear-Jhaped leaves, a trailing ftalk, flowers growing in 
fpikes from the wings of the ftalk , and ftmooth pods. Ano- 
nis Americana, anguftifolia, humidor & minus hir- 
futa. Houft. MSS. Lower narrow-leaved American 
Reft-harrow , which is lefts hairy. 
The firft fort is a common weed in moil parts of Eng- 
land, fo is rarely admitted into gardens. It has a 
ftrong creeping root, which fpreads far in the ground, 
and is with great difficulty eradicated ; the ftalks rife 
a foot and a half high, they are (lender, purple, and 
hairy, fending out fmall branches on their fide, which 
are armed with ffiarp prickles. The flowers come 
out fingly from the fide of the branches ; they are of 
the butterfly kind, and of a purple colour, which are 
fucceeded by fmall pods,, containing one or two kid- 
ney-fhaped feeds. It flowers great part of dimmer, 
and the feeds ripen in the adtumn. The root of this 
is one of the five opening roots ; the cortical part of 
it is efteemed a good medicine for ftoppage of urine, 
and to open the obftrudtions of the liver and fpleen ; 
there is a variety of this with white flowers. 
The feconcl fort grows naturally in many parts of 
England, and has been by fome ftippofed to be only 
a variety of the firft; but I have cultivated both by 
feeds, and have always found the plants retain their 
difference; the ftalks of this fort are hairy, and more 
diffufed than thofe of the firft; the leaves are broad- 
er, and fit clofer on the branches ; the ftalks do not 
grow fo upright, and have no fpines ; the flowers 
and pods are like thofe of the firft. There is alfo a 
variety of this with white flowers. 
The third fort grows naturally on the borders of the 
fea in feveral parts of England ; this hath a creeping 
root, from which arife many hairy ftalks which are 
near two feet long, fpreading on every fide upon the 
ground, garnifhed with trifoliate hairy lea es, thofe 
on the lower part of the ftalks being pretty large and 
9 N oval, 
4 34 , 
