PAL 
It may alfo be propagated by laying down its ten- 
der branches in the fpring of the year, which if care- 
fully fupplied with water in dry weather, will take 
root in a year’s time, and may then be taken off 
from the old plant, and transplanted where they are 
to remain. 
The bell time for tranfplanting this plant is in au- 
tumn, foon after the leaves decay, or the beginning 
of April, juft before it begins to fhoot, obferving to 
lay fome mulch upon the ground about their roots to 
prevent them from drying, as alfo to refrefh them 
now and then with a little water until they have taken 
frefh root, after which they will require but very little 
care. They are very hardy, and will grow to be ten 
or twelve feet high, if planted in a dry foil and a 
warm fttuation. There is little beauty in this plant, 
but it is kept in gardens as a curiofity. 
PALMA. Plum. Gen. i. Raii Meth. Plant. 135. 
The Palm-tree. 
The Characters are, 
It hath male and female flowers in fome flpecies on the 
fame plant , and in others on different plants the empa- 
lement of the male flowers are divided into three parts. 
I he flowers of fome flpecies have three petals , and fix 
fiamina terminated hy oblong fummits , with an obfolete 
germen , fupporting three flhort jlyles , crowned by acute 
Jligmas thefe are barren. I he female flowers have a 
common Jheath , but no empalement -, they have fix fhort 
petals , and an oval germen fitting upon an awl-Jhaped 
jlyle , crowned by a trifid fiigma. I he germen afterward 
becomes a fruit of various forms and fizes in different 
fpecics. 
Mr. Ray ranges this genus in the front of his trees 
and ftirubs, which have male flowers at remote dif- 
tances from the fruit, fometimes on the fame, and at 
others on different trees. Dr. Linnaeus has feparated 
the fpecies under the following genera, Chamaerops, 
Borafliis, Corypha, Cocos, Phoenix, Areca, and 
Elate, ranging them in his Appendix. 
The Species are, 
1. Palma {IQ ably lifa a) frondibus pinnatis, foliolis an- 
guftioribus aculeis terminalibus. Palm-tree with wing- 
ed leaves , whofe lobes are narrow , terminated by fpines. 
Palma major. C. B. P. 506. The greater Palm or Date- 
tree. 
2. Palma {Cocos) frondibus pinnatis, foliolis replicatis, 
fpadicibus alaribus, frudtu maximo angulofo. Palm- 
tree with winged leaves , whofe lobes are folded back , 
foot-fialks proceeding from the fid.es of the branches , and a 
large angular fruit. Palma Indica, coccifera, angu- 
lofa. C. B. P. 502. Indian Palm-tree having an angular 
fruit , commonly called Cocoa-nut. 
3. Palma ( Spinofa ) frondibus pinnatis, ubique aculea- 
tis, aculeis nigricantibus fru&u majore. Palm-tree 
with winged leaves , which are every where armed with 
black fpines , and bearing a larger fruit. Palma to- 
ta fpinofa major, frudtu pruniformi. Sloan. Cat. 
Jam. 177. Greater Palm-tree which is all over prickly, 
and a Plum-fiaped fruit , commonly called great Ma- 
caw-tree. 
4. Palma {Altijfmd) frondibus pinnatis, caudice asqu'a- 
li, frucTu minore. Palm-tree with winged leaves , an 
equal trunk , and a fmailer fruit. Palma altiffima non 
fpinofa, fructu pruniformi minore racemofo fparfo. 
Sloan. Cat. Jam. 176. The tallefi Palm-tree having no 
fpines , ancl a fmailer Plum-Jhaped fruit , growing in 
long bunches flatteringly , commonly called the Cabbage- 
tree. 
5. Palma ( Gracili ) frondibus pinnatis, caudice tereti 
aculeato, fru&u minore. Palm-tree with winged leaves, 
a taper prickly flalk, and a fmailer fruit. Palma fpinofa 
minor, caudice gracili, frudu pruniformi, minimo 
rubro. Sloan. Cat. Jam. 178. Smaller prickly Palm-tree 
with a fender flalk, and the leaf, red, Plum-Jhaped fruit , 
called Prickly Pole. 
6 . PJlma ( Oleofa ) frondibus pinnatis, foliolis lineari- 
bus planis, ftipitibus ip mo (ft. Palm-tree with winged 
leaves, having narrow plain lobes, and prickly midribs. 
Palma foliorum pediculis fpinofis, frudu pruniformi 
luteo oleofo. Sloan. Cat. Jam. 175. Palm-tree with 
P A L 
prickly foot-fialks to the leaves , and a yellow , Plum- 
Jhaped, oily fruit , commonly called oily Palm-tree. 
7. Palma (fir unifier a) frondibus p i n nato-p a! m atis p!i~ 
catis, 'caudice fquamato. Palm-tree with hand-jhaped 
winged leaves which are plaited , and a fcaly flalk. Pal- 
ma Brafilienfis prunifera, folio plicatili feu flabel- 
liformi,-. candid iquamato. Raii Hift. 1368. Plum- 
bearing Palm-tree of the Prof Is, with a plaited or 
fan-fhaped leaf , and a fcaly flalk, called Palmetto or 
Thatch. 
8. Palma ( Polypodifolia ) frondibus pinnatis, foliolis li- 
neari-lanceolatis, petiolis fpinofis. Hort. Cliff. 482. 
Palm-tree with winged leaves, whofe lobes are linearly 
fpear-Jhaped , and prickly foot-fialks. Palma Japonica, 
fpinofis pediculis, polypodii folio. Boerh. Ind, alt. 2, 
170. Palm-tree of Japan with prickly foot-fialks , and a 
Polypody leaf , or the Sago-tree. 
9. Palma ( Pumila ) frudu clavato polypyreno. Trewv 
Dec. tab. 26. PaM-tree with a chib-Jhaped fruit con- 
taining many feeds. Palma Americana' folks' polygo- 
nati brevioribus, lseviter ferratis, & nonnihil fpinofis, 
trunco craffo. Pluk. Phyt. tab. 103. fig. 2. & tab. 
309. fig. 5. American Palm-tree, with fhort er Solomon’s 
Seal leaves which are lightly fawed and fomewhat 
prickly, with a thick trunk. 
10. Palma {Americana) frondibus pinnatis, foliolis Ian- 
ceolatis plicatis geminatis (parks. Palm-tree with wing- 
ed leaves, whofe lobes are fpear-foaped, plaited, and come 
out by pairs from one point , fianding thinly along the mid- 
rib. Palma altiffima, non fpinofa, frudu oblongo. 
Houft. MSS. Tallefi Palm-tree having no prickles, and 
bearing an oblong, fruit. 
11. Palma {Draco) folks fimplicibus enfiformibus inte- 
gerrimis flaccid is. Palm-tree with fingle , fword-flmped, 
entire flaccid leaves. Palma prunifera foliis yuccas, 
frudu in racemis congeftis cerafi formi, duro, cine- 
reo, pifi magnitudine, cujus lacryma fanguis draco- 
nis eft dida. Corn. Cat. Amft. Plum-bearing Palm- 
tree , with leaves like thofe of the Tucca, and fruit ga- 
thered in long bunches , which are Cherry-fhaped, Afh- 
coloured , hard , and the fize of Peas, whofe tears are 
called Dragons Blood, commonly called Dragon-tree. 
The firft fort here mentioned, is the common Date- 
tree, which grows plentifully in Africa, and fome of 
the eaftern countries, from whence the fruit is brought 
to England. This rifes to a great height in the warm, 
countries ; the (talks are generally full of rugged 
knots, which are the veftiges of the decayed leaves, 
for the trunks of thefe trees are not folid like other- 
trees, but the center is filled with pith, round which 
is a tough bark full of ftrong fibres while young, but 
as the trees grow old, fo this bark hardens and be- 
comes ligneous ; to this bark the leaves are clofely 
joined, which in the center rife ered, being clofely 
folded or plaited together, but after they are advan- 
ced above the vagina which furrounds them, they ex- 
pand very wide on every fide the ftem, and, as the 
older leaves decay, the (talk advances in height. The 
leaves of thefe trees, when grown to a fize for bear- 
ing fruit, are fix or eight feet long, and may be term- 
ed branches , (for the trees have no other) thefe have 
narrow long leaves (or pinnae) fet on alternately their 
whole length. The fmall leaves or lobes are toward 
the bafe three feet long, and little more than one 
inch broad ; they are clofely folded together when 
they firft appear, and are wrapped round by brown 
fibres or threads, which fall off as the leaves advance, 
making way for them to expand ; thefe never open 
flat, but are hollow like the keel of a boat, with a 
ffiarp ridge on their backfide ; they are very ftiff) 
and, when young, of a bright green, ending with a 
(harp black fpine. Thefe trees have male flowers 
on different plants from thofe which produce the fruit, 
and there is a neceffity for fome of the male trees to 
grow near the female trees to render them fruitful ; 
or, at leaft, to impregnate the ovary of the feed, 
without which the Hones, which are taken out of the 
fruit, will not grow. Moft of the old authors, who 
have mentioned thefe trees, affirm, that unlefs the 
female or fruit- bearing Palm-trees have the affiftance 
9 T ■ of 
