I 
PAP 
forts may be allowed about half that fpace. The 
culture they will require after this, is only to keep 
them clean from weeds. 
Thdfe who are’ curious to have fine Poppies in their 
gardens, care fully look over their plants when they, 
begin to flower,- and cut up all thofe plants whofe 
flowers are not very double and well marked, before 
they open their flowers, to prevent their farina mixing 
with their finer flowers, which would degenerate 
them ; and it is the not being careful of this, that 
caufes the flowers to degenerate fo frequently in ma- 
ny places, which is often fuppofed to be occafioned 
by the ground. 
The yellow Wel'fh Poppy requires a cool fhady fitu- 
ation, where the plants will thrive, and produce plenty 
of feeds annually. If thefe feeds are permitted to fcat- 
ter, the plants will come up better than when fown 
by hand ; but if they are fown, it fhould be always in 
the autumn ; for the feeds of this, which are fown in 
the fpring, rarely fucceed. 
The belt time to traiiiplant and part the roots of 
this fort is in the autumn, that the plants may be well 
eftablifhed in their new quarters, before the dry wea- 
ther comes on in the fpring. 
Theeaftern Poppy will thrive either in fun or fhade, 
for I have feveral of thefe plants growing under trees, 
where they have thriven many years, and flower full 
its well as thofe in an open fituation, but came later in 
the feafon. This will propagate very fall by its 
roots, fo there is no neceffity for fowing the feeds, 
unlefs to procure new varieties. This fort fhould be 
transplanted at the fame feafon as the former ; and if 
the feeds are fown, it fhould be at the fame time, for 
the reafons before given. 
PAP AVER CORNI CU LATUM. See Glau- 
CIUM. 
PAPAVER SPINOSUM. See Agremone. 
PAPAYA. SeeCARiCA. 
PAPILIONACEOUS. A papilionaceous (or 
Pea-bloom) flower is fo called, becaufe in fome mea- 
fure it refembles a butterfly with its wings expanded. 
It always confifts of thefe parts ; the vexillum or 
ftandard, which is a Lrge ered fegment or petal ; the 
ate, or two wings, whi'ch compofe tile Tides, and the 
carina, or keel, which is a concave petal or fegment, 
refembling the lower part of a boat: this keel is 
fometimes entire, and fometimes it confifts of two pe- 
tals or fegments adhering pretty clofe together. Of 
this tribe are Peas, Beans, Kidriey-beans, Vetches, 
and other leguminous plants. 
PAPPOSE PLANTS are fuch as have their feeds 
covered with a down, which adheres to the upper 
part of the feed, and are of ufe to fpread them when 
ripe, by fuftaining them in the air, fo that they may 
be conveyed to a great diftance. Of this kind are the 
Sow-thiftles, Hawkweeds, Dandelion, Starworts, &c. 
PARASITICAL PLANTS arefuchas are produced 
out of the trunk or branches of other plants, from 
whence they receive their nourifhment, and will not 
grow upon the ground, as the Mifleto, &c. 
PARIETARIA. Tourn. Inft. R. LL 509. tab. - 
289. Lin. Gen. Plant. 1020. fo called from Paries, 
Lat. a wall, becaufe it grows on old walls.] Pellito- 
ry ; in French, Parietaire. 
The Characters are. 
It hath hermaphrodite and female flowers upon the fame 
plant* There are two hermaphrodite flowers contained in 
a fix-leaved involucrum •, thefe have a quadrifid plain 
emp alenient of one leaf , , half the fvze of the involucrum. 
They have no petals , hut four permanent awl-Jhaped 
fiamina longer than the emp dement , terminated hy twin 
fummits , with an oval germen fupporting a fender co- 
loured flyle, crowned by a pencil-fkaped fligma. The ger- 
rden afterward turns to an oval feed wrapped up in the . 
empalement. The female flowers have no fiamina , but in 
other refpeffis are the fame as the hermaphrodite. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus's twenty-third clals, which contains thofe 
plants which have hermaphrodite and female flowers 
on the fame plant. 
P A R 
The Species are, 
P a r 1 e t aria ( Officinalis) foliis knceolato-ovatis ah- 
ternis. Hort. Upial. 38. Pettit ory with oval fpedr-Jhaped 
leaves, placed alternately. Parietaria officinarum & 
Diofcoridis. C. B. P. 121. The officinal Petti tiry of 
Diofcorides. ' T J 
2. Parietaria (ffudiaca) foliis ovatis caulihus eredi- 
ufculis, calycibus trifloris, corollis her in ap h rod i t i s , 
defloratis elongato-cylindricis. Lin. Sp. 1492. Petti- 
tory with oval leaves , an eYett fialk , and three flowers in 
each cup , which are hermaphrodite. Parietaria minor 
Ocimi folio. C. B. P. 121. Smaller Pellitory with a 
Bafil leaf. 
The firft fort grows naturally in Germany and Hol- 
land, but was not in England till the year 1727, when 
I brought it here. This is fuppofed to be the true 
fort which is recommended by the ancients to be ufed 
in medicine j it hath a thick perennial root, cotnpofed 
of flefhy reddifh fibres, from which arife many Italics 
a foot and a half .high, garnifhed with hairy, oval, 
fpear-fhaped leaves, about two inches long, and one 
broad in the middle, having feveral veins. The 
flowers come out in fmall clufters on the fide of the 
ftalks ; they are fmall, of an herbaceous colour, fo 
make no figure. Thefe appear in Tucceffion all the 
fummer months, and the feeds ripen accordingly, 
which are caft out to 3 diftance with an elafticity 
when ripe. 
The fecond fort grows plentifully on old walls, and 
the fides of dry banks in moft parts of England ; this 
differs from the former in having fhorter ftalks, and 
fmaller oval leaves. The flowers are alfo lefs, and 
are in fmaller clufters ; in other refceds they are the 
fame. 
They may be propagated in plenty from a Angle 
plant, which, if permitted to lcat ter its feeds, will 
fill the ground about it with young plants, for the 
feeds are very difficult to colled, as they are thrown 
out of their covers as foon as they are ripe. 
There are three or four other fpecies of this genus, 
but as they have little beauty and are of no ufe, fo 
are not cultivated in gardens- 
PARIS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 449. Herba Paris. Tourn. 
Inft. R.H. 233. tab. 117. True-love, or One-berry. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is permanent , and compofled 
of four leaves , which expand in form of a crofs. The 
flower alfo hath four leaves , which fpread open in the 
fame manner , and are permanent. In the center of the 
flower is ftnated a roundifo four-cornered germen , fup- 
porting four fpreading flylcs , crowned by fingle fummits. 
This is attended by eight fiamina, each having an oblong 
fuinmit , faflened by threads on each fide to the fiamina. 
The germen afterward changes to a roundifh berry , having 
four cells which are filled with feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fourth fedion 
of Linnaeus’s eighth clafs, which includes the plants 
whofe flowers have eight ftamina and four ftyles. 
We know -but one Species of this genus, viz. 
Paris {Qua dr if olio) foliis quaternis. Flor. Lapp. 155. 
Herb Paris , True-love , or One-berry. 
This plant grows wild in moift fhady woods in di- 
vers parts of England, but efpecially in the northern 
counties, and it is with great difficulty prderved in 
gardens. The only method to procure it, is to take 
up the plants from the places where they grow wild, 
preferving good balls of earth to their roots, and 
plant them in a fhady moift border, where they may 
remain undifturbed, in which fituation they will live 
fome years ; but as it is a plant of little beauty, it is 
rarely preferved in gardens. 
PARKINSONIA. Plum. Nov. Gen. 25. tab. 3. 
Lin. Gen. Plant. 460. 
The Characters are, 
The empalement of the flower fpreads open \ it is of one 
leaf indented in five parts at the top. The fewer has 
five almofi equal petals placed circularly \ the four upper 
are oval , the under is kidney -f japed. It has ten declining 
fiamina terminated by oblong fummits , and a long taper 
germen with fcarce airy flyle , crowned by an obtufe fligma. 
The 
